紧急制动工况下驾驶人驾驶特性分析

Analysis of drivers’driving characteristics under emergency braking conditions

为了研究不同驾驶特性驾驶人在制动操纵行为上的差异,借助驾驶模拟器搭建驾驶人数据采集平台,采集紧急制动工况下的驾驶数据,利用模糊C均值算法聚类分析,得到保守型、一般型和激进型3种驾驶特性,并进行制动行为风格分析。结果表明:不同驾驶特性的驾驶人在紧急制动工况下的操纵行为存在很大差异,对制动距离、制动时间、停车间距、碰撞时间等方面均产生影响。紧急制动工况下,相较于一般型驾驶人,保守型驾驶人制动时机更早,制动减速度更大,制动持续时间更短,驾驶人的制动行为较一致;激进型驾驶人制动时机较晚,制动减速度较小,制动持续时间较长,驾驶人的驾驶行为任意性较大。

In order to study the differences in brake control behavior of drivers with different driving characteristics,a driver data collection platform is built with the help of a driving simulator to collect the driving data under emergency braking conditions,and the fuzzy C-means algorithm is used for clustering analysis to obtain the conservative,general and radical driving characteristics,and to analyze the braking behavior style.The results show that the handling behaviors of drivers with different driving characteristics under emergency braking conditions are very different,which has an impact on braking distance,braking time,stopping distance,time to collision,etc.Under emergency braking conditions,compared with general drivers,conservative drivers exhibit earlier braking initiation,greater deceleration,shorter duration of braking,and more consistent braking behaviors.Conversely,radical drivers demonstrate delayed braking initiation,lower deceleration,prolonged duration of braking,and more erratic driving behaviors.