广州市环境空气挥发性有机物污染特征及来源分析

Pollution characteristics and source analysis of volatile organic compounds in the environ characteristics and source analysis of volatile organic compounds in the environ⁃mental air of Guangzhou City

采用气相色谱、液相色谱法等手段,获得广州市环境空气中117种挥发性有机物(VOCs)的实地监测数据,分析广州市VOCs污染情况、组成特征、臭氧生成潜势及主要来源。结果表明:广州市环境空气中VOCs平均体积分数为59.86×10^(-9),处于全国中上水平;主要成分浓度大小依次为烷烃35.08%、含氧挥发性有机物(OVOCs)34.43%,芳香烃12.57%、卤代烃10.63%、烯烃4.19%、炔烃2.72%和有机硫0.38%;在季风气候的影响下,广州市VOCS空间分布呈现夏季北部浓度高、南部低,冬季北部低、南部高的特性;广州市VOCS臭氧生成潜势为164.60μg/m^(3),其中OVOCS和芳香烃贡献最大,贡献率分别为50.51%和21.15%;利用PMF解析推断出工业相关排放、机动车尾气排放、液化石油气/液化天然气的燃烧为广州市环境空气VOCS的主要污染来源。

117 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the ambient air of Guangzhou have been manually moni-tored by means of gas chromatography and liquid chromatography.The pollution situation,composition characteris-tics,and ozone generation potential and its main sources of VOCs in Guangzhou have also been analyzed.The results show that the average volume fraction of VOCs in the ambient air of Guangzhou is 59.86×10^(-9),which is above the na-tional average level.The concentration of the main components is 35.08%for alkanes,34.43%for oxygen-containing volatile organic compounds(OVOCs),12.57%for aromatic hydrocarbons,10.63%for halogenated hydrocarbons,4.19%for olefins,2.72%for alkynes and 0.38%for organosulfur compound.Under the influence of monsoon climate,the spatial distribution of VOCs in Guangzhou shows a high concentration in the northern part and a low concentration in the southern part in summer,and low in the north and high in the south during winter.The ozone generation poten-tial of VOCs in Guangzhou is 164.60μg/m^(3),with OVOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons contributing the most,with contri-bution rates of 50.51%and 21.15%,respectively.With the analysis of the PMF,the result can be inferred that the in-dustrial related emissions,motor vehicle exhaust emissions,and the combustion of liquefied petroleum gas/liquefied natural gas are the main sources of VOCs pollution in the ambient air of Guangzhou.