老龄化、农业保险与化肥减量增效技术采纳行为——基于陕、甘苹果种植户的验证

Aging Population,Agricultural Insurance,the Adoption of Fertilizer Reduction and Efficiency Enhancement Technology:A Validation Study of Apple Farmers in Shaanxi and Gansu

【目的】探究农业劳动力老龄化、农业保险对果农化肥减量增效技术采纳行为的影响机理。【方法】以陕、甘897户苹果种植户为研究对象,运用有序Probit模型和中介效应模型进行实证分析。【结果】老龄化显著抑制果农农业保险的参与和化肥减量增效技术采纳的强度。农业保险在老龄化与化肥减量增效技术采纳之间起到了中介作用,表明老龄化可能通过影响果农的保险参与行为,进而对技术采纳产生间接影响。此外,果农的果园收入占比和果园细碎化程度不同,会导致老龄化和农业保险对化肥减量增效技术采纳影响的差异性。【结论】基于实证结果,提出加强化肥减量增效技术和农业保险的宣传、因地制宜推广化肥减量增效技术与农业保险、改革绿色农业保险的政策建议,旨在应对老龄化带来的挑战,促进农业绿色发展。

【Objective】To explore the influence mechanism of agricultural labor aging and agricultural in⁃surance on the adoption behavior of fruit farmers´chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency improve⁃ment technology.【Method】Taking 897 apple growers in Shaanxi and Gansu as the research objects,the ordered Probit model and the mediating effect model were used for empirical analysis.【Result】Aging significantly inhibited the intensity of farmers´participation in agricultural insurance and the adoption of fertilizer reduction and efficiency technology.Agricultural insurance plays an intermediary role between aging and the adoption of fertilizer reduction and efficiency technology,indicating that aging may have an indirect impact on technology adoption by affecting the insurance participation behavior of apple growers.In addition,the difference in the proportion of orchard income of growers and the degree of orchard frag⁃mentation will lead to the difference in the impact of aging and agricultural insurance on the adoption of fertilizer reduction and efficiency technology.【Conclusion】Based on the empirical results,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions,such as strengthening the publicity of fertilizer reduction and effi⁃ciency technology and agricultural insurance,promoting fertilizer reduction and efficiency technology and agricultural insurance according to local conditions,and reforming green agricultural insurance,in order to cope with the challenges brought by aging and promote the green development of agriculture。