猫闭锁型子宫蓄脓的临床诊断与组织病理学观察

Clinical Diagnosis and Histopathological Observation of Atretic Pyometra in Felines

【目的】明晰猫子宫蓄脓的临床和病理特征,提高其临床诊断率。【方法】通过B超、DR和血液学检查及组织病理学方法对闭锁型子宫蓄脓患猫进行临床诊断和组织病理学观察。【结果】患猫的B超图显示子宫角充盈膨胀,内有低回声液性暗区,暗区内无胎体反射,子宫壁明显增厚,边界不规则。DR检查可见患猫的子宫膨胀充盈。患猫SAA值、白细胞总数、中性粒细胞数和百分比显著增高(P<0.05)且高于健康猫,但生化各指标均在正常范围,提示患猫体内存在化脓性细菌感染,且引起血液中出现以中性粒细胞增生为主的化脓性炎症反应。患猫组织病理学观察显示子宫黏膜层显著增厚,局部黏膜上皮细胞脱落,大量变性坏死的中性粒细胞蓄积;卵巢上有持久黄体。【结论】子宫蓄脓会导致患猫子宫充盈膨胀,子宫黏膜增厚,局部出现大量变性坏死的中性粒细胞蓄积,卵巢上存在持久黄体,本研究结果对猫闭锁型子宫蓄脓的诊断与预防有参考意义。

【Objective】This study aimed to clarify the clinical and pathological characteristics of feline pyo⁃metra atretic and improve its clinical diagnosis rate.【Method】Clinical diagnosis and histopathological ob⁃servation of felines with atretic pyometra were performed by B-ultrasound,digital radiography(DR),hema⁃tological examination and histopathological methods.【Result】The B-ultrasound image of the sick feline showed a distended and swollen uterine horn with a hypoechoic fluid-filled dark area,a fetal body with no reflec⁃tion in the dark area,and a significantly thickened uterine wall with irregular borders.DR examination also showed that the uterus of the sick feline was distended and swollen.The serum amyloid A(SAA)value,white blood cell number,neutrophil number and its percentage in the sick feline were significantly higher than those of healthy felines(P<0.05),but all the biochemical indicators were normal.This suggested the presence of a purulent bacterial infection in the affected feline and a purulent inflammatory response in the blood domi⁃nated by neutrophilic hyperplasia.Histopathological observation showed that the uterine mucosa of the sick fe⁃lines was significantly thickened,with local shedding of mucosal epithelial cells,and a large accumulation of degenerated necrotic neutrophils.Persistent corpus luteum was present on the ovaries.【Conclusion】Pyometra caused the feline uterine swelling,the uterine mucosa thickening,local accumulation of degenerated and necrotic neutrophils,and the presence of a persistent corpus luteum on the ovaries.The results of this study have implications for the diagnosis and prevention of feline atretic pyometra.