基于多层次模糊评价法的青海木里废弃矿山生态修复评估研究

Ecological Restoration Assessment of Abandoned Muli Mine in Qinghai Province Based on Multi-level Fuzzy Evaluation Method

高原地区废弃矿区亟需针对性的措施对其进行生态修复。以青海木里江仓矿区为研究对象,提出了3种生态修复措施,并基于模糊评价法对生态修复工作进行综合评估。研究结果表明:采用全机械化清理的模式可以有效治理江仓矿区边坡稳定性不足的问题;通过地貌整形、渣土改良和土壤重构等手段能够修复改造废弃矿区的地质环境;种植抗寒、抗旱、耐碱性强的高原草种可以有效改善废弃矿区的植被覆盖率,采取多种生态修复措施后江仓矿区的生态环境综合评估结果有了明显的提高。研究结果可以为高原地区废弃矿山的生态修复工程提供建议和参考。

Due to excessive development,abandoned mining areas in plateau areas have a relatively harsh ecological environment,and targeted measures are urgently needed for ecological restoration.Taking the Jiangcang mining area in Muli,Qinghai as the research object,the characteristics of high altitude,harsh climate,and harsh geological conditions were analyzed.Three specific ecological restoration measures were proposed,and a comprehensive evaluation of ecological restoration work was conducted based on the fuzzy evaluation method.The research results indicate that adopting a fully mechanized cleaning mode can effectively address the problem of insufficient slope stability in the Jiangcang mining area;Planting high-altitude grass seeds with strong cold resistance,drought resistance,and alkali resistance can effectively improve the vegetation coverage of abandoned mining areas;The geological environment of abandoned mining areas can be restored and transformed through methods such as landform shaping,soil improvement,and soil reconstruction;After adopting various ecological restoration measures,the comprehensive evaluation results of the ecological environment in the Jiangcang mining area have significantly improved.The research results can provide suggestions and references for the ecological restoration project of abandoned mines in plateau areas.