中西哲学视野中的治理研究述评

An Overview of Governance Studies from the Perspectives of Chinese and Western Philosophy

在不同的历史与实践背景下,中西方关于治理的理念表现出各自不同的特点与差异。西方从古希腊时期基于城邦的治理到近代的技术理性驱动下的治理至现代的多元治理呈现出超验主义倾向的治理,中国则是以儒家的以民为本、道家的顺应自然以及法家法治思想为主的整体性治理,是经验主义的治理。关于对治理的解读,中西方哲学在对人、权威以及主客体的认识方式上各有侧重,而善治则超越了中西二元对立的取向,弥合了传统与现代的鸿沟,是国家治理政治发展的必然趋势,最终实现为社会与公民追求利益的目标,达到至真至善的自然和谐状态。

In different historical and practical contexts,the concepts of governance in the East and the West exhibit distinct characteristics and differences.Western governance has evolved from the city-state-based governance of ancient Greece,driven by technical rationality in modern times,to contemporary pluralistic governance with a tendency towards transcendentalism.In contrast,Chinese governance is characterized by holistic approaches rooted in Confucianism's people-oriented principles,Daoism's alignment with nature,and Legalism's emphasis on rule of law,embodying an empirical governance style.Regarding interpretations of governance,Western and Chinese philosophies differ in their perspectives on individuals,authority,and the relationship between subject and object.However,good governance transcends these binary oppositions between East and West,bridging the gap between tradition and modernity.It represents an inevitable trend in the political development of state governance,ultimately achieving the harmonious natural state of truth and goodness,where society and citizens pursue shared goals and interests.