基于街景影像和兴趣点的梅州城市空间功能混合度研究

Research on mixing degree of spatial functions of Meizhou based on street view images and points of interest

面对当前城市街区空间功能混合度评估指标主要集中于土地利用多样性,并局限于二维地表空间,较少从立体角度出发去综合评估功能混合度的问题。本研究从三维视角出发,通过街景影像和城市兴趣点(POI)获取城市立体空间内的空间功能类型和分布情况,并结合建筑三维数据精确测算空间功能多样性、可达性和兼容性,从不同尺度对城市功能混合度进行测度和空间特征分析。研究结果表明:①基于街景影像和兴趣点数据构建了城市立体空间功能混合度指标(CMI-3D),这是对传统混合度计算指标的三维空间立体延伸和具象化;②空间混合度数值分布整体呈现“东高西低、南高北低”分布特征,总体均值为1.458,极大值区间(2.951,4]的建筑物占比为10.16%;③研究区城市空间功能混合度的分布与传统城市功能规划布局存在局部差异,主要集中在商业高层和混合商业体,对以商业体为代表的高层建筑功能混合情况分析提供了新思路。本文研究方法在城市功能布局规划上具有一定参考价值。

Current evaluation indicators for mixing degree of spatial functions in urban blocks mainly focus on land use diversity and are limited to two-dimensional(2D)surface space,and there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of the mixing degree of functions from a three-dimensional(3D)perspective.This study started from a 3D perspective to obtain the spatial function types and distribution within the 3D urban space through street view images and points of interest(POI).It accurately calculated the diversity,accessibility,and compatibility of spatial functions by combining 3D building data,measured the mixing degree of urban functions,and analyzed spatial characteristics from different scales.The research results indicate that:①Based on street view images and POI data,the mixing degree indicators of 3D urban spatial functions(CMI-3D)are constructed,which reflects 3D space extension and concretization of the traditional mixing degree indicator.②The overall distribution of spatial mixing degree values shows a characteristic of“high in the east and the south but low in the west and the north”,with an overall mean of 1.458.The proportion of buildings in the maximum value range(2.951,4)is 10.16%.③There are local differences in the distribution of the mixing degree of urban spatial functions between the study area and the traditional planning layout of urban functions,mainly concentrated in commercial high-rise buildings and mixed commercial buildings.This provides a new approach for analyzing the functional mix of high-rise buildings represented by commercial entities.The research method in this study has a certain reference value in layout planning of urban functions.