国际规则框架下的中国高校“一带一路”境外办学研究:影响因素与优化路径

Research on Chinese Universities'Transnational Education along the"Belt and Road"under the International Regulatory Framework:Influencing Factors and Optimization Paths

推动我国高校赴“一带一路”沿线国家开展境外办学是新时代建设教育强国的有力举措。本研究采用访谈法、主题式和评价式质性文本分析,结合国际组织、主权国家、专业协会等针对跨境高等教育办学的政策文本,提炼出“三阶段、六要素”的国际规则框架,在此基础上分析我国6所高校在“一带一路”沿线国家的办学实践,并重点讨论了办学现状、影响因素和优化建议。研究发现如下:首先,高校境外办学的自发意愿比政府推拉更有利于境外办学实践的可持续发展;其次,虽然“一带一路”沿线尤其是“东盟”国家已成为境外办学的重点区域,但区域内各国差异明显,高校等办学主体仍需结合自主意愿和学科优势审慎研选办学区位;最后,对于未来发展,相关高校均抱有良好预期,共同的核心关切是招生和人财物等教育要素跨境流动的细化政策依据。

Promoting Chinese universities to engage in transnational education in countries along the"Belt and Road"is a pivotal step to reinforce educational power in the new era.This study employs qualitative methods such as interviews,thematic analysis,and evaluative analysis of policy texts on transnational higher education from international organizations,sovereign states,and professional associations.By establishing a"three-stage,six-element"international regulatory framework,the study examines the practical experiences of six Chinese universities in countries along the"Belt and Road",with a focus on the current development status,influencing factors,and recommendations for optimization.The study finds that,firstly,universities'spontaneous eagerness to participate is more conducive to the sustainable development than government-led initiatives.Secondly,while the ASEAN countries stand out as primary destinations of transnational education within the"Belt and Road"regions,it is crucial to recognize the discernible disparities among these nations.Therefore,locations should be carefully examined and selected based on universities'willingness and academic advantages.Finally,for future development,the participating universities are optimistic,with a shared concern being the detailed policy framework for promoting transnational mobility of students,personnel,financial and material resources.