基于经验公式法的船舶螺旋桨脉动压力计算与软件开发

Calculation and Software Development of Pulsating Pressure of Ship Propellers Based on the Empirical Formula Method

船体振动是船舶在航行过程中由于各种原因产生的振动,船上90%的振动源于螺旋桨的脉动压力,其可激起艉部振动、上层建筑振动和局部振动。特别是在螺旋桨上方区域,往往由螺旋桨脉动压力而激起局部结构共振或强迫振动,进而造成结构疲劳破坏或居住舒适度减小,因此减少螺旋桨脉动压力产生的振动很有必要。在螺旋桨设计初期,过于复杂的脉动压力计算方法便捷性不高,设计出1款能快速估算螺旋桨脉动压力的软件十分重要。该文基于QT平台和MATLAB软件混合编程,采用经验公式法,开发了1款船舶螺旋桨脉动压力快速估算软件,探讨了脉动压力的影响因素及其变化规律。结果表明:船舶剖面形状参数、船舶种类和螺旋桨转速对螺旋桨脉动压力影响较大。该项研究成果可为船舶减振降噪提供参考。

Hull vibration is the vibration generated by the sailing ship due to various reasons.90%of the vibration on the ship comes from the pulsating pressure of the propeller,which can generate the stern vibration,superstructure vibration and local vibration.Especially in the area above the propeller,the propeller pulsation pressure often causes local structural resonance or forced vibration,resulting in structural fatigue damage or reduced living comfort.It is therefore necessary to reduce the vibrations caused by the pulsating pressure of the propellers.However,in the early stage of the propeller design,it is not convenient to calculate the pulsating pressure of the propeller due to the complexity of the calculation method.It is important to design a software that can quickly estimate the pulsating pressure of the propeller.In the current study,a software for the rapid estimation of the pulsating pressure of propellers is developed by using the empirical formulas with a mixture of QT and MATLAB programming,to discuss the influencing factors and variations of the pulsating pressure.The results show that the shape parameters of the ship section,the type of the ship and the rotation speed of the propeller greatly affect the pulsation pressure of the propeller.It can provide references for the ship vibration and noise reduction.