朱熹诗歌自然意象的理学表达探析

An Analysis of Neo-Confucianism Expression with Respect to the Natural Image of Zhu Xi’s Poetry

朱熹诗歌用丰富的自然意象来表达理学。这些自然意象主要有山水描绘、季节变迁、花草植株、动物鸟兽、云气夜色等。朱熹诗歌通过自然意象不仅表达了理气论、心性论和认识修养论等哲学思想,而且表达了忧国忧民的思想、坚守理学的信念决心和治学体验。促成朱熹这种艺术自觉和诗歌成就的文化渊源是自然意象言志抒情的诗骚传统、自然山水象物比德的文化传统、理学前辈以诗言理的深厚积淀。朱熹诗歌自然意象理学表达的美学特征体现为俗与理一体、情与理交融、美与理统一。

Zhu Xi’s poetry uses adequate natural images to express Neo-Confucianism.The natural images which express Neo-Confucianism of Zhu Xi’s poetry mainly include landscape depiction,seasonal changes,flowers and plants,birds and beasts,clouds and night.Zhu Xi’s poetry not only expresses philosophical ideas such as Li Qi theory,theory of mind and nature,and epistemology,cultivation theory through natural imagery,but also embodies his thoughts of caring for the country and the people,his belief and determination to adhere to Neo Confucianism,and his academic experience.The origins that contributed to Zhu Xi’s artistic consciousness and poetic achievements include the poetic tradition of expressing emotions through natural image,expressing virtues through things,and being influenced by the deep-accumulated elder Neo-Confucianist expressing Neo-Confucianism through poetry.The aesthetic characteristics of the natural image in Zhu Xi’s poetry is featured by the unity of profane and Neo-Confucianism,the combination of emotion and Neo-Confucianism,and the integration of beauty and Neo-Confucianism.