层间强制冷却对电弧熔丝增材制造钛合金温度场和流场的影响

Influence of Inter-layer Forced Cooling on the Temperature and Flow Fields of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Titanium Alloys

电弧熔丝增材制造(wire arc additive manufacturing,WAAM)工艺具有设备成本低、制造效率高等优势,广泛应用于航空航天、舰船、武器装备等制造领域,但沉积过程中的热积累容易导致结构成形效率、成形精度及成形质量下降。而层间强制冷却可以有效控制材料的沉积形貌和性能。采用数值模拟方法研究了不同冷却条件下电弧熔丝增材制造钛合金的熔池温度场和流场,分析了层间强制冷却对增材钛合金熔池的影响。结果表明,层间强制冷却可以有效降低熔池的预热温度,缓解材料沉积过程中的热量积累,降低熔池流体流动速度,从而限制流体的流动范围,影响熔池尺寸成形。

The wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)process is characterized by its low equipment costs and high manufac⁃turing efficiency,leading to its widespread application in manufacturing fields such as aerospace,shipbuilding,and weaponry.However,the thermal accumulation during the deposition process can adversely affect the efficiency,precision,and quality of the structural formation.The inter-layer forced cooling technology can effectively control the deposition morphology and proper⁃ties of materials.This study employs numerical simulation methods to explore the temperature and flow fields of molten pools in titanium alloys produced by WAAM under different cooling conditions.The results show that inter-layer forced cooling can effec⁃tively reduce the preheating temperature of the molten pool,alleviate thermal accumulation during the material deposition pro⁃cess,and decrease the fluid flow velocity within the molten pool,thereby limiting the flow range of the fluid and impacting the size formation of the molten pool.