协同服务创新视角下社区综合养老空间营造研究

Research on Creating a Community Compound Elderly Care Space Guided by Collaborative Service Innovation

我国老龄化发展速度迅猛,“未富先老”和“未备先老”使得养老成为不容忽视的社会重大问题。当前,现有的“割裂”式居家、社区养老与机构养老这3种养老服务模式在发展中遇到了诸多难题,无法满足老年人日益增长的多元化养老服务需求。因此,寻求满足老年人多元化需求的养老服务供给模式、政策、路径、载体等迫在眉睫,综合目标用户需求、具体服务项目的社区综合养老空间应运而生。从中国传统的“孝老”价值观出发,以健全社区支持下的居家养老服务体系和提升服务供给能力为研究目标,结合协同服务设计理论与方法,提出了协同服务创新视角下的社区综合养老空间“探究设计执行评估”服务流程,并围绕用户需求分析、空间服务要素分析、空间服务系统生成、空间营造策略应用4方面总结归纳其具体营造方法。进一步地,从全局化空间构成关系、细节化服务逻辑动线、理想化空间功能模块、人性化空间服务设施等维度,提炼基于协同服务创新的社区综合养老空间营造策略,以期在保障中国社区养老服务模式建成的同时能促进跨文化、多学科相融合的养老空间营造研究的理性思考和实践探索。

The rapid development of aging in China,characterized by the phenomena of“growing old before getting rich”and“aging before being prepared”has rendered“elderly care”a critical social issue that demands urgent attention both now and in the future.The existing three models of elderly care—fragmented home-based,community-based,and institutional care—have encountered numerous challenges in the course of social development,failing to meet the increasingly diverse needs of the elderly.Therefore,there is an urgent need to explore service delivery models,policies,pathways,and platforms that can address these diverse needs.In response,community-based integrated elderly care spaces,which consider the comprehensive needs of target users and specific service projects,have emerged.This paper,grounded in the traditional Chinese value of“filial piety”,aims to develop a robust home-based elderly care system supported by the community and to enhance service delivery capabilities.By integrating the theories and methods of collaborative service design,the study introduces a service process of“Exploration-Design-Implementation-Evaluation”for community-based integrated elderly care spaces from a collaborative service innovation perspective.The research meticulously examines each stage of this collaborative service process,focusing on four critical aspects including user needs analysis,spatial service element analysis,spatial service system generation,and the application of spatial creation strategies.Building on this foundation,the paper further distills strategies for constructing community-based integrated elderly care spaces across four dimensions of the overarching spatial composition framework,detailed service logic flow,idealized spatial functional modules,and human-centered spatial service facilities.The aim is to not only ensure the successful establishment of community elderly care service models in China but also advance rational reflection and practical exploration in the creation of elderly care spaces.