先进航空发动机高温功能涂层研究进展

Research progress in high temperature functional coatings for advanced aeroengines

航空发动机是飞机的“心脏”。先进航空发动机正在向高推重比、高效率、低油耗和长寿命方向发展。以热障涂层、热/环境障复合涂层、高温隐身涂层等为代表的高温功能涂层应用于航空发动机关键热端部件,起着提升发动机服役性能、服役寿命和安全可靠性的重要作用。本文以热障涂层、热/环境障复合涂层、高温隐身涂层等为例,系统概述了近年来国内外以及北京航空航天大学在高温功能涂层材料设计、涂层制备科学与技术、涂层性能评价表征等方面的研究进展,并展望了先进航空发动机新型高温功能涂层所面临的挑战和发展动向。未来先进高温功能涂层的研究重点将集中在多功能复合涂层、极端环境适应性和工艺适配性等方面。

The aircraft engine is considered the“heart”of the aircraft.The development of advanced aircraft engines focuses on achieving a high thrust-to-weight ratio,high efficiency,low fuel consumption,and extended operational life.High-temperature functional coatings,such as thermal barrier coatings(TBCs),thermal/environmental barrier composite coatings(T/EBCs),and high-temperature stealth coatings,are applied to critical hot-end components of aircraft engines.These coatings play a significant role in enhancing the service performance,operational life,safety and reliability of the engine.Taking TBCs,T/EBCs,and hightemperature stealth coatings as examples,this paper provides a systematic overview of recent research progress in the design of hightemperature functional coating materials,coating preparation science and technology,and coating performance evaluation and characterization,both domestically and internationally,with a specific focus on the advancements made at Beihang University.Furthermore,challenges and development trends faced by new high-temperature functional coatings of advanced aircraft engines in the future are also discussed.In the future,the research focus of advanced high-temperature functional coatings will shift toward multifunctional composite coatings,enhanced adaptability to extreme environments,and improved process compatibility.