21世纪前后我国综合高中探索的回望与审思——基于上海试点的回顾

Review and Reflection on the Exploration of Comprehensive High Schools in China around the 21st Century:a Review Based on the Pilot Program in Shanghai

受教育焦虑问题影响,公众对高中教育阶段职普融通的改革呼声日益高涨,综合高中再次被提上改革议程。回望历史,我国在21世纪前后开展了综合高中探索,经历了由普通高中主导向职业学校主导的办学模式变革。但综合高中未能发展成为一种独立的学校类型被延续下来。究其原因,彼时的综合高中探索只是为了破解特定条件下的教育困境,没有突破课程改革的技术难点,也未对制度体系进行系统性变革。以史鉴今,平庸化的综合高中不能解决当前的教育焦虑问题,打造多元成长路径才是解决困境之道,策略是基于特色学校的区域合作推进综合教育改革。

Affected by the issue of educational anxiety,the public’s voice for reform of vocational and general education integration in high school education is increasingly day by day,and comprehensive high schools are once again put on the reform agenda.Looking back at history,China launched the exploration of comprehensive high schools around the 21st century,experiencing a transformation in the educational mod⁃el from being dominated by ordinary high schools to being dominated by vocational schools.But comprehen⁃sive high schools have not developed into an independent type of school.The reason is that the exploration of comprehensive high schools at that time was only aimed at solving educational difficulties under specific conditions,without breaking through the technical difficulties of curriculum reform or making systematic changes to the institutional system.Judging from history,mediocre comprehensive high schools cannot solve the current issue of educational anxiety.Creating diverse growth paths is the way to solve the dilemma,and the strategy is to promote comprehensive education reform through characteristic schools regional coopera⁃tion.