基于智能配矿调度的露天矿协同开采技术研究

Study on collaborative mining technology of open-pit mines based on intelligent ore blending and scheduling

矿石品位在空间中具有不连续性和波动性的特点,且当前矿石开采工艺不可避免的造成矿石局部贫化,最终导致入选矿石品位波动难以控制。基于露天矿开采工艺,研究以智能配矿与调度为核心的协同开采技术,通过构建三维地质模型、制定中长期开采规划、精细化爆破设计、建立岩粉数据库等,结合入选原矿品位目标,构建智能配矿模型,提前预测各开采环节矿石品位,将智能配矿结果转化为设备调度指令,并利用RTK技术对设备的指令执行情况进行监督,最大化保证入选品位的稳定性以及矿卡运输效率。结果表明,在没有直接检测矿石品位的有效手段情况下,基于智能配矿调度的露天矿协同开采技术,通过对露天开采全流程的精细化控制,严格把握不同品位矿石的流向,可有效预测各环节矿石入选品位,降低品位波动率。

Ore grade in space is characterized by discontinuity and fluctuation,and the current ore mining process inevitably causes local depletion of ore,which ultimately leads to the fluctuation of the selected ore grade is difficult to control.Based on the open-pit mining process,the collaborative mining technology with intelligent ore blending and scheduling as the core was studied.Through the construction of three-dimensional geological models,the formulation of medium-term and long-term mining planning,refined blasting design,the establishment of a rock powder database,etc.,combined with the selection of the original ore grade target,the intelligent ore blending model was constructed,which predicted the ore grade of each mining process in advance,transformed the intelligent ore blending results into the scheduling instructions for the equipment,and used the RTK technology to monitor the execution of the instructions of the equipment,to maximize the stability of the selected ore grade and the transport efficiency of mining truck.The results show that,in the absence of effective means of directly detecting the ore grade,the open-pit cooperative mining technology based on intelligent ore blending and scheduling can effectively predict the ore grade of each link and reduce the fluctuation rate of the grade,through the fine control of the whole process of open-pit mining and the strict grasp of the flow direction of the ore of different grades.