半工伴读:家庭策略视角下农村家庭教养实践中的分工模式——基于浙东农村地区的实地调研

Semi-Industry and Accompanying Schooling:Division of Labor Patterns in Rural Family Parenting Practices from the Perspective of Family Strategy——Based on Field Research in Eastern Rural Areas of Zhejiang Province

本文基于对浙东农村地区普遍存在的“母亲一边打零工、一边陪伴孩子读书”的教养实践研究,发现当地农村家庭将教育视为提升家庭发展能力的重要手段,表现为阶段性的母亲陪读和大量的教育投资,在性别分工的基础上形成了半工伴读的家庭分工模式。这一分工和就业模式是由教育优先的家庭发展目标和灵活就业市场的在地化共同形塑的,其深层动力在于农村家庭面临的劳动力市场变迁和家庭再生产压力。在各项公共服务逐渐“再家庭化”的背景下,半工伴读是农村家庭在家庭教养方式趋向现代化过程中所采取的一种有效家庭策略。

Through research on common parenting practices in eastern rural areas of Zhejiang Province,it has been discovered that rural families place great importance on education as a means to enhance their family’s development capabilities.This is demonstrated through mothers participating in part-time work while also accompanying their children during their studies,periodic mother-child reading sessions,and significant investments in education.As a result,this creates a division of labor within the family known as the Semi-industry and Accompanying Schooling pattern,which is shaped by the priority of education in family development goals and the localized,flexible labor market.The driving force behind this pattern is rooted in the changes of the labor market and the pressure of family reproduction faced by rural families.Against the backdrop of the increasing‘re-familialization’of public services,the Semi-industry and Accompanying Schooling pattern is an effective family strategy adopted by rural families as they move towards modernizing their parenting practices.