轴向变量柱塞泵的噪声特性实验和溯源分析

Noise characteristic test and traceability analysis of axial variable piston pump

为分析轴向变量柱塞泵的噪声特性和声源位置,搭建了轴向变量柱塞泵的噪声和振动测试平台,并开展了相关实验.在定转速1660 r/min和定排量75 mL/min下,对被测泵负载压力16、20和24 MPa的噪声和振动信号进行了测试和采集,并进行了频谱分析和偏相干分析,得到了工作时该泵的噪声特性,且实现了准确溯源.结果表明:被测泵的噪声随着负载的增大而逐渐增大;柱塞往复运动、流量倒灌和流量脉动为被测泵的主要噪声源,而轴承振动和主轴旋转为次要噪声源;当特征频率小于200 Hz(低频段)时,被测泵的主要结构噪声源为主轴旋转和单个柱塞往复运动产生的振动;当特征频率大于200 Hz(中、高频段)时,被测泵的主要结构噪声源为柱塞往复运动产生的振动.

In order to analyze the noise characteristics and the location of the specific sound source of the axial variable piston pump,a noise and vibration test of the pump was carried out by building a noise and vibration test bench.When the rotating speed was at a constant speed of 1660 r/min and a fixed displacement of 75 mL/min,the noise and vibration signals of the pump were measured and recorded at load pressures of 16,20,and 24 MPa,respectively.The collected signals were subsequently analyzed by means of spectral analysis and partial coherence analysis to obtain the noise characteristics of the pump and accurately trace the location of the sound source of the pump.The results show that the noise of the pump increases with the increase of the load pressure.The reciprocating impact of the piston,oil flow backward,and the pulsation of oil were the main noise sources of the pump under test.The noise caused by bearing vibration and spindle rotation was the secondary noise source.When the characteristic frequency was less than 200 Hz in the low frequency band,the main structural noise source of the pump under test was the vibration of the spindle rotation and the noise generated by the reciprocating movement of a single plunger.Conversely,when the characteristic frequency was above 200 Hz in the middle and high frequency band,the main structural noise source of the tested pump was the vibration caused by the plunger reciprocating movement.