旋转自进空化射流喷头性能及油管清垢实验研究

Experimental Study on Performance of Rotating Self Entering Cavitation Jet Nozzle and Scale Removal of Tubing

我国各大油田普遍存在油管矿物质结垢问题,空化射流因其工作压力较低时即可达到较好的清洗效果而应用于油管清洗,通过喷头的旋转实现内壁清洗的全覆盖,但对旋转空化射流喷头的旋转速度、送进速度等性能的研究还比较少,无法有效指导旋转空化射流喷头的应用。针对风琴管空化喷嘴开展了性能实验,对空化喷嘴在不同喷射靶距和喷射角度开展油管矿物质垢的清洗实验,确定了20 MPa条件下清洗的最优靶距及喷射角度;提出了旋转自进空化射流喷头结构,对不同旋转喷嘴圆柱段直径、不同入口压力条件下喷头的旋转速度及自进力进行了实验测试,得到了喷头参数对旋转速度、自进力的影响规律;开展了油管内壁矿物质垢清洗试验,得到了旋转自进空化射流喷头的压力和送进速度对清垢率的影响规律。本文可为油管矿物质垢低压条件下高效清洗提供技术支持,也可为旋转空化射流的机理研究提供借鉴。

The mineral scaling in tubing is common in major oilfields in China.Cavitation jet can achieve good cleaning effect when its working pressure is low and is applied to oil pipe cleaning.The inner wall cleaning can be fully covered by using the rotation of the nozzle.However,the study on the rotation speed,feeding speed and other performance of the rotary cavitation jet nozzle is still relatively small,which cannot effectively guide the application of the rotary cavitation jet nozzle.The performance experiment of cavitation nozzle of organ tube is carried out,and the cleaning experiment of mineral dirt in oil pipe is carried out for cavitation nozzle at different jet target distance and jet angle,and the optimal target distance and jet angle for cleaning under the condition of 20 MPa are determined.The structure of rotary self feeding cavitation jet nozzle was put forward.The rotating speed and self driving force of the nozzle under different cylinder diameter of rotary nozzle and inlet pressure were tested.The influence of the nozzle parameters on the rotating speed and self driving force was obtained.The test of cleaning mineral scale on the inner wall of the tubing was carried out,and the influence of the pressure and feeding speed of the rotary self feeding cavitation jet nozzle on the cleaning rate was obtained.The present results can provide the technical support for the efficient cleaning of oil pipe mineral scale under low pressure,and also provide reference for the mechanism study on the rotary cavitation jet.