耐低温、高韧性复合材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Performance Study of a Low Temperature Resistant and High Toughness Composite Material

采用熔融共混工艺,制备了聚丙烯(PP)/热塑性弹性体(TPE)/线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)/纳米CaCO_(3)复合材料。用扫描电镜、熔融指数仪、万能拉力试验机和冲击试验机等仪器研究了LLDPE、BIA和纳米CaCO_(3)对复合材料的力学性能和微观形貌的影响。结果显示,BIA、LLDPE和CaCO_(3)的加入对复合材料的熔体流动性、断裂伸长率和冲击强度均有显著的改善,其中,熔融指数从2.31 g(/10 min)提高到4.11 g(/10 min),断裂伸长率从524.2%提高到857.1%。利用扫描电子显微镜观察不同体系的形态,发现LLDPE的加入能够有效改善复合材料的界面相容性。根据质量磨耗仪的测试数据发现,CaCO_(3)的加入能够在一定程度上提高复合材料的耐磨性能;LLDPE和CaCO_(3)的同时引入也能够提高复合材料的低温冲击性能。此实验为制备耐低温、高韧性的钢丝绳填包覆材料提供了指导。

One composite materials melt and mixed with Polypropylene(PP)/thermoplastic elastomer(TPE)/linear low-density polyethylene(LLDPE)/nano CaCO_(3) were prepared.The effects of LLDPE,BIA,and nano CaCO_(3) on the mechanical properties and microstructure of composite materials were studied in detail using scanning electron microscopy,melt index analyzer,universal tensile testing machine,and impact testing machine.The results showed that the addition of BIA,LLDPE,and CaCO_(3) significantly improved the melt flow,fracture elongation,and impact strength of the composite material,Among them,the melt flow rate increased from 2.31 g/(10 min)to 4.11 g/(10 min);The elongation at break has increased from 524.2%to 857.1%.By using scanning electron microscopy to observe the morphology of different systems,it was found that the addition of LLDPE can effectively improve the interfacial compatibility of composite materials.According to the test data by the quality abrasion tester,it was found that the addition of CaCO_(3) can improve the wear resistance of the composite material to a certain extent;The addition of LLDPE and CaCO_(3) at the same time can improve the low-temperature impact performance of composite materials.This experiment provides guidance for the preparation of low temperature resistant and high toughness composite materials which were filled steel wire rope.