针刺治疗术后急性疼痛等术后并发症的临床应用及机制研究进展

Research Progress in the Clinical Application and Mechanisms of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Postoperative Acute Pain and Postoperative Complications

术后并发症已成为全球第三大致死病因,术后急性疼痛、术后恶心呕吐、术后尿潴留及术后认知功能障碍等术后并发症的发生率目前依然居高不下。在围手术期应用针刺,不仅可以减轻术前焦虑、缓解术后疼痛,还可以降低术后恶心呕吐等并发症的发生率,且安全有效、不良反应少。然而,目前针刺产生以上效应的具体机制尚不明确,这也在一定程度上限制了它的临床应用。该文就针刺治疗术后急性疼痛等多种术后并发症的临床应用及相关作用机制的研究进展予以综述。

Postoperative complications are the third leading cause of death worldwide,and failure to intervene in time can lead to serious consequences.Despite the continuous improvement in medical level in recent years,the incidences of postoperative acute pain,postoperative nausea and vomiting,postoperative urinary retention,and perioperative neurocognitive disorders are still high.Numerous studies have shown that acupuncture during the perioperative period can not only reduce preoperative anxiety and relieve postoperative pain but also reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.Acupuncture,a safe and effective clinical therapy,is associated with few adverse reactions;thus,it has attracted increased attention from physicians and has been fully used in various clinical settings.However,at present,the specific mechanism by which acupuncture exerts the above effects is not clear,which limits its use to a certain extent.This article reviews the research progress of acupuncture in the treatment of postoperative acute pain and the prevention of various postoperative complications,as well as related mechanisms.