中国高校学术竞争的运行逻辑与个体行为模式

Operation Logic and Individual Behavior Mode ofAcademic Competition in Chinese Universities

中国政府作为学术体系的主要资源提供者,根据高校间、学者间的竞争进行学术资源配置,从而形成了以绩效评价决定学术等级、以学术等级决定资源配置的竞争运行逻辑。在行政主导的资源竞争性配置下,“绩效-等级-资源”的竞争循环更为牢固,学术竞争更为激烈、单一。与此同时,个体学者对学术竞争存在排斥和认同的双重看法,采取了两维度四种行为模式:内卷模式、异化模式、疏离模式和深耕模式。从宏观的制度效果看,当前的学术竞争模式有利于产出数量而不利于产出质量,对于研究生教育也有相当的负面效应。要促进科研的高质量发展必须变革当前学术竞争模式的根基——行政主导的资源配置模式,一方面加大简政放权,另一方面建立多元化的学术支持机制。

As the main resource provider of the academic system,Chinese government allocates resources among the universities and scholars.Thus,the competitive logic emerges that resource allocation is determined by academic grade which is in turn determined by academic performance.Under the administration-dominated resources allocation,the“performance-grade-resource”competition cycle is more rigid and the academic competition is more intense and linear.Correspondingly,individual scholars have the dual views of rejection and identification and adopt four sorts of coping modes at two dimensions:involution,alienation,disengagement and isolation.From the macro perspective of system effect,the current competition pattern is conducive to the quantity of output rather than the quality,and has considerable negative effects on graduate education.To promote the high-quality development of scientific researches,we should fundamentally change the current administration-dominated resource allocation mode by streamlining administration and delegating power as well as establishing diversified academic support mechanisms.