丘陵沟壑区不同荞麦品种区域比较试验研究

Comparative Regional Trial Study of Different Buckwheat Varieties in Hilly and Gullied Areas

为挖掘和利用优异的荞麦种质资源,筛选适合延安地区种植的荞麦品种,为当地荞麦生产提供科学依据,以引进征集的7个甜荞品种资源为试材,通过连续3年不同区域试验,对其物候期、生育期、农艺性状和经济产量等进行研究分析。结果表明,参试品种生育期为63~85 d,均属于中早熟品种;株高为60.0~141.7 cm,主茎分枝为1.9~3.6个,主茎节数为6.4~16.0节。株型均为紧凑型,粒色为棕色、褐色和黑色。参试品种单株粒重为1.4~10.5 g,千粒重为26.3~42.0 g,产量658.5~1792.5 kg/hm^(2)。通过比较不同试验点的产量表现,发现在宝塔区、安塞区和甘泉县试验点,产量最高的荞麦品种分别为TQ10-05、TQ10-04和TQ10-06,这些品种在当地的种植条件下表现出优异的产量性能,具有较高的推广价值。

To identify and utilize excellent buckwheat germplasm resources,to screen out buckwheat varieties suitable for cultivation in Yan’an,and to provide scientific basis for local buckwheat production,seven introduced and collected sweet buckwheat varieties were used as experimental materials.Through continuous trials in different regions for three years,their phenological period,growth period,agronomic traits and economic yield were analyzed.The results showed that the growth period of the tested varieties ranged from 63 to 85 days,all belonging to medium-early maturity varieties.The plant heights ranged from 60.0 to 141.7 cm,with 1.9 to 3.6 main stem branches and 6.4 to 16.0 main stem nodes.All varieties had compact plant types,and the grain colors were brown,tan and black.The tested varieties had grain weights per plant ranged from 1.4 to 10.5 g,with 1000-grain weight 26.3-42.0 g and yield 658.5-1792.5 kg/hm^(2).By comparing the yield performance of different test sites,the buckwheat varieties with the highest yields in Baota District,Ansai District and Ganquan County were TQ10-05,TQ10-04 and TQ10-06,respectively.These varieties showed excellent yield performance under local planting conditions and have high promotion value.