种公猪精液品质及其影响因素研究

Research on the Semen Quality and Its Influencing Factors of Breeding Boars

[目的]通过对公猪站种公猪全年精液品质的参数分析,探究种公猪精液品质的影响因素,以期为精液高效生产提供理论依据。[方法]收集公猪站2020年全年的精液品质数据,并分析月份、季节、品种以及采精间隔对精液品质的影响。[结果]精液体积4—7月较小,10—12月较大;精子密度和精子活力1—4月较低,5—12月较高,其中10—12月份种公猪的精液品质最好。春季的精液体积、精子密度及精子活力均最低,整体上显示为秋冬季优于春夏季。就不同品种而言,长白猪的精液体积和精子密度均优于大白猪和杜洛克猪,大白猪的精子活力优于长白猪和杜洛克猪。[结论]长白猪的精液品质最好,杜洛克猪的精液品质最差。采精间隔也会对精液品质产生较大影响,采精间隔为4~7 d时精液品质最佳。

[Objective]The influencing factors of semen quality of breeding boars were studied by analyzing the semen quality parameters of breeding boars at boar stations,so as to provide the theoretical basis for efficient production of semen.[Method]The semen quality data of the boar station in the whole year of 2020 were collected,the influences of month,season,breed and semen collection interval on the semen quality were analyzed.[Result]The semen volume was lower from April to July,the semen volume was higher from October to December.The sperm density and sperm viability were from January to April,and they were higher from May to December,the semen quality of the boars were the best from October to December.The semen volume,sperm density and sperm vitality were the lowest in spring,and they in the autumn and winter were better than those in spring and summer.In terms of different breeds,the semen volume and sperm density of Landrace pigs were better than Yorkshire pigs and Duroc pigs.The sperm vigor of Yorkshire pigs was better than that of Landrace pigs and Duroc pigs.[Conclusion]The semen quality of Landrace pigs was the best,the semen quality of Duroc pigs was the worst.The semen collection intervals had larger effects on the semen quality,and the semen quality was best at the semen collection intervals of 4-7 d.