中国PPP项目商业模式创新的阻碍因素及对策研究——基于社会网络分析的视角

Impediments and countermeasures to business model innovation of PPP project in China:a perspective from social network analysis

推动我国政府和社会资本合作模式(public-private-partnership,PPP)项目的商业模式创新的关键在于发现其阻碍因素并制定相应的破解对策。基于文献分析设计访谈提纲,通过对访谈资料的三级编码识别出PPP项目商业模式创新的20个阻碍因素;运用社会网络分析构建阻碍因素间的联动网络,并分析了节点度数、中间性中心度、亲密中心度等阻碍因素的联动网络特征,确定了7个关键阻碍因素:社会资本-项目运营经验不足,项目公司-合同设计欠完善、高管的作风保守、合作关系恶劣,政府部门-态度保守、过度干预、缺少政策支撑;据此提出了3条破解对策:完善PPP项目商业模式创新的政策环境、公私双方在PPP项目采购阶段做好相互选择、以按照贡献进行利益分配为核心原则设计合同。

The crux to promote business model innovation of public-private-partnership(PPP)in China is to find its impediments and formulate corresponding countermeasures.Based on the literature analysis,the interview outline is designed,and 20 impediments to business model innovation of PPP project are identified through three-level coding of the interview data;The social network analysis is used to construct the Co-Movement network between these impediments,the network′s characteristics such as Degree,Betweenness Centrality and Closeness Centrality are analyzed,then seven pivotal impediments are determined,which is the social capital-operational experience of the project is insufficient,the PPP project company-contract design is imperfect,senior executives is conservative,cooperative relationship is disappointing,the government-attitude is conservative,excessive intervention,lack of policy support;Accordingly,three countermeasures are put forward:improve the policy environment for business model innovation of PPP project,public and private parties need pay attention to mutual selection in the procurement stage of PPP project,the core principle of contract design should be the distribution of benefits according to contributions.