可治性先天畸形胎儿的母亲照顾准备度现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of the caregiver preparedness in mothers of fetus with treatable congenital malformation

目的了解可治性先天畸形胎儿的母亲照顾准备度现状并分析相关影响因素。方法2022年11月—2023年8月,采用便利抽样法,选取大连市某三级专科医院产科就诊的210例胎儿被诊断为可治性先天畸形的孕妇(胎儿的母亲)作为调查对象。采用一般情况调查表、照顾者准备度量表、简易应对方式问卷、家庭弹性量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查。采用单因素分析及多元线性回归分析探讨可治性先天畸形胎儿的母亲照顾准备度的影响因素。结果最终201例可治性先天畸形胎儿的母亲纳入本研究,照顾者准备度量表得分为(20.47±6.29)分,其中,紧急情况的应对与管理维度及照顾压力维度得分较低。文化程度、年龄、主观支持、社会经济资源利用度、消极应对为可治性先天畸形胎儿的母亲照顾准备度的影响因素。结论可治性先天畸形胎儿的母亲照顾准备度有待提高,医护人员应针对影响因素,设计个性化、全方位的护理干预方案,进而改善胎儿的愈后及出生后的生活质量。

Objective To describe the current status of the caregiver preparedness in mothers of fetus with treatable congenital malformation,and to explore its influencing factor.Methods 210 pregnant women with fetuses diagnosed with treatable congenital malformations in the obstetrics department of a tertiary specialized hospital in Dalian were selected as the study subjects by convenient sampling method from November 2022 to August 2023.The survey was conducted using the General Situation Questionnaire,Caregiver Preparedness Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,shortened Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.The factors influencing the caregiver preparedness in mothers of fetus with treatable congenital malformation were analyzed using univariate analysis and multiple linear regression.Results Finally,201 mothers of fetuses with treatable congenital malformations were included in the study.The total score of caregiver preparedness was(20.47±6.29),among which the emergency response,management dimension and care stress dimension scored lower.It is concluded that education level,age,subjective support,use of social and economic resources and negative coping are the factors that affect the caregiver preparedness in mothers of fetus with treatable congenital malformation.Conclusion The caregiver preparedness in mothers of fetus with treatable congenital malformation needs to be improved.Medical staff should design a personalized and comprehensive nursing plan to intervene according to the factors,so as to improve the recovery and quality of life of children.