毛乌素沙地3种人工灌木林林下植物群落特征及其与林分因子的关系

Characteristics of Understory Plant Communities in Three Shrub Plantations and Their Relationship with Stand Factors in Mu Su Sandyland

为探究不同人工灌木林林下植物群落的特征及其与林分因子的相互关系,以毛乌素沙地羊柴、沙柳和小叶锦鸡儿3种人工灌木林群落为研究对象,通过群落调查,分析不同人工林林下草本群落的物种多样性、盖度、地上生物量及其与灌木林林分因子的相互关系。结果显示:在3种人工灌木林样地中,共记录草本植物47种,隶属于15科38属,其中以菊科、禾本科、豆科和藜科的植物种类尤为丰富。不同人工林林下植物种数量从小到大依次为羊柴人工林<沙柳人工林<小叶锦鸡儿人工林,多年生草本植物种类明显高于1 a生植物,水分生态类型主要以旱生植物为主。林下草本层Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数在不同人工林之间存在显著差异;其中小叶锦鸡儿灌木林林下的草本层盖度和地上生物量最高,而沙柳灌木林的物种多样性则相对较低。对毛乌素沙地3种典型人工灌木林林下草本群落的特征分析结果表明,林分因子对林下草本群落的结构和特征产生显著影响。研究结果可为沙地植被恢复和生物多样性保护提供科学依据。

In order to explore the characteristics of understory plant communities in different artificial shrub forests and their relationship with stand factors,three artificial shrub communities of Hedysarum laeve,Salix psammophila,and Caragana microphylla in Mu Su Sandyland were taken as the research objects.Through community investigation,the species diversity,coverage,aboveground biomass of herbaceous communities in different artificial shrub forests and their relationship with stand factors of shrub forests were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 47 species of herbs were recorded in the three artificial shrublands,belonging to 38 genera and 15 families.Among them,the plant species of Asteraceae,Gramineae,Leguminosae and Chenopodiaceae were particularly abundant.The number of understory plant species in different plantations from small to large was Hedysarum laeve artificial forest<Salix psammophila artificial forest<Caragana microphylla artificial forest.The species of perennial herbaceous plants were significantly higher than those of annual plants,and the water ecological types were mainly xerophytes.There were significant differences in Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index among different artificial forests.Among them,Caragana microphylla artificial forest has the highest herb layer coverage and aboveground biomass,while the species diversity of Salix psammophila artificial forest is relatively low.The characteristics of understory herb communities in three typical artificial shrub forests in Mu Su Sandyland were analyzed.The results showed that stand factors had significant effects on the structure and characteristics of understory herb communities.The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for vegetation restoration and biodiversity conservation in sandy land.