宿主蛋白酶在流感病毒进入阶段的作用研究进展

Advances in host protease-mediated influenza virus entry

流感病毒血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)是病毒入侵宿主细胞的关键因素,涉及病毒与靶细胞的结合及膜融合过程。宿主体内的蛋白酶对HA进行裂解和激活,是病毒识别宿主细胞及启动膜融合的先决条件,也是病毒感染宿主的必要条件。本文总结了II型跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶、人类组织激肽释放酶及其他宿主蛋白酶对不同亚型流感病毒HA的蛋白水解激活作用,并对其作为潜在抗病毒治疗靶点的可能性进行了探讨。

Influenza virus hemagglutinin(HA)is a key factor in the virus's invasion of host cells,involving the binding of the virus to target cells and the fusion of membranes.The proteolytic cleavage and activation of HA by host proteases are prerequisites for the virus to recognize host cells and initiate membrane fusion,and are also essential for viral infection of the host.This article summarizes the proteolytic activation of different subtypes of influenza virus HA by type II transmembrane serine proteases,human tissue kallikreins,and other host proteases,and discusses their potential as targets for antiviral therapy.