财政金融投入与城乡收入差距:乡村振兴视角

Fiscal and Financial Input and Urban-Rural Income Gap:A Perspective from Rural Revitalization

缩小财政金融投入的区域性差异、提高财政金融支农投入的力度和效率是当前我国全面推进乡村振兴战略和实现共同富裕目标的现实要求。本文以2007-2020年中国省级面板数据为研究样本,从理论和实证双重维度深入考察了财政金融投入对城乡收入差距的影响效应,并重点揭示了其中的作用机制。研究发现,财政金融支农投入增加具有显著缩小城乡收入差距的协同效应。提高农业产业化水平和乡村就业率是二者提升农民整体收入水平,进而缩小城乡收入差距的协同作用机制。异质性分析表明,财政金融支农投入缩小城乡收入差距的协同作用在中西部地区、要素市场发育程度较高和农业发展水平较高的地区尤为明显。本文的研究不仅为财政金融投入有助于缩小城乡收入差距和推进共同富裕提供了现实证据,而且为二者如何进一步协调配合以有效服务乡村振兴战略进而促进城乡融合发展提供了理论启示。

Reducing regional disparities in fiscal and financial inputs and enhancing the intensity and efficiency of fiscal and financial support for agriculture are current practical requirements for the comprehensive implementation of China's rural revitalization strategy and the goal of achieving common prosperity.This paper uses provincial panel data from China for the years 2007—2020 as its research sample and investigates both theoretically and empirically the impact of fiscal and financial inputs on the urban-rural income gap,with a particular focus on revealing the underlying mechanisms.The study finds that increased fiscal and financial support for agriculture significantly contributes to narrowing the urban-rural income gap through a synergistic effect.Enhancing the level of agricultural industrialization and rural employment rate is a synergistic mechanism for both to improve overall farmer income levels and narrow the urban-rural income gap.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the synergistic effect of fiscal and financial support for agriculture in reducing the urban-rural income gap is particularly evident in the central and western regions,regions with higher levels of factor market development,and regions with higher levels of agricultural development.The findings of this paper not only provide empirical evidence that fiscal and financial inputs help to reduce the urban-rural income gap and advance common prosperity,but also offer theoretical insights into how these efforts can be further coordinated to effectively serve the rural revitalization strategy and promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas.