胡麻粒重和粒型性状的主基因-多基因遗传模型分析

Genetic Model Analysis of Major Gene-Polygene of Seed Weight and Seed Shape in Flax(Linum usitatissimum L.)

粒重性状对于胡麻育种具有重要意义。以胡麻小粒型材料CLX为母本,大粒型材料BLX为父本,杂交获得F1和F2群体,应用主基因–多基因遗传模型对胡麻籽粒千粒重、籽粒表面积、籽粒周长、籽粒长度和籽粒宽度的遗传效应进行了分析。结果表明,千粒重的遗传模型受2对加性主基因+加性–显性多基因控制,主基因遗传率为84.59%,多基因遗传率为14.73%。籽粒表面积受2对加性–显性主基因+加性–显性多基因控制,籽粒长度、籽粒宽度受2对加性–显性–上位性主基因+加性–显性多基因控制,3个性状的主基因遗传率分别为45.69%、37.09%、19.27%。籽粒周长受2对等显性主基因+加性–显性多基因控制,主基因遗传率为68.24%。胡麻粒型性状的遗传以主基因遗传效应为主,可通过杂交在后代群体中早代进行选择。

The seed characteristics of flax(Linum usitatissimum L.)are the important traits for superior variety selection.F1 and F2 generations crossed with CLX and BLX were used to research the inheritance of five seed characteristics in flax with major gene-polygene mixed inheritance analysis.The results showed:Five seed characteristics were controlled by major gene-polygene inheritance.The inheritance model of the 1000-grain weight was two pairs of additive major gene plus additive-dominance polygene,the heritability of the major gene and polygene were 84.59%and 14.73%,respectively.The inheritance model of seed surface area was controlled by two pairs of additive-dominant major gene plus additive-dominant polygene,seed length and seed width were two pair of additive-epistasis major gene plus additive-dominance polygene,the heritabilities of major genes of three traits were 45.69%,37.09%,and 19.27%,respectively.The inheritance model of seed circumference was two pairs of equal dominant major genes plus additive-dominant polygene,the heritability of major genes was 68.24%.The heredity of seed shape traits is dominated by the major gene effect,and can be selected in early generation in progeny population through hybridization.