聚糠萘合剂对东北地区高粱不同密度群体叶片衰老及产量的影响

Effects of PASP-KT-NAA on Leaf Senescence and Yield of Sorghum Populations with Different Densities in Northeast China

为探讨聚糠萘合剂(PKN)对东北地区高粱不同密度群体叶片衰老与产量的影响,于2021-2022年在中国农业科学院公主岭试验站(124°48′43″E,43°29′55″N)以龙杂25号和吉杂127号为试验材料,设置聚糠萘合剂和密度梯度处理,研究密度梯度对东北地区高粱叶片衰老与产量的影响以及PKN的调控效应。结果表明,花期到成熟期,随着种植密度增加,2个高粱品种单株叶面积减小,旗叶叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)降低,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,上述指标在2个品种间存在差异。PKN处理可显著提高各密度下2个高粱品种旗叶SOD、CAT和POD活性以及SPAD值,显著降低MDA含量;显著减小单株叶面积降幅,延缓植株衰老进程。PKN处理后,各密度条件下,龙杂25号和吉杂127号较各自对照分别增产1.86%~7.61%和5.39%~8.94%;2个高粱品种均在12.75万株/hm^(2)密度下显著增产,增幅分别为7.61%和7.82%。因此,合理的种植密度配合喷施PKN可作为东北地区高粱高产稳产栽培的重要技术措施。

In order to explore the effects of PASP-KT-NAA(PKN)on leaf senescence and yield of sorghum with different densities population,a field experiment was conducted using two varieties of Longza 25 and Jiza 127 with treatments of PKN and different planting densities in Gongzhuling Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(124º48′43″E,43º29′55″N)in 2020 and 2021.The results showed that the increasing of planting density decreased the leaf area(LA)per plant and relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value),decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD),and increased the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)of the two varieties of sorghum from flowering stage to maturity stage.The above indexes were different in two varieties.PKN treatment could significantly increase the activities of SOD,CAT and POD,and SPAD value,and significantly decrease the content of MDA.PKN treatment could significantly decrease the decline of leaf area per plant and delay the process of plant aging.Under PKN treatment,the yield of Longza 25 and Jiza 127 increased by 1.86%-7.61% and 5.39%-8.94% compared with their respective controls,respectively.Under 12.75×10^(4) plant/ha density,the yield of the two varieties of sorghum increase significantly by 7.61%and 7.82%,respectively.Thus,adopting an appropriate planting density combined with PKN application could be an important technique for achieving high and stable yield in sorghum production in Northeast China Plain.