铁肥施用对绿豆产量和籽粒含铁量的影响

The Effects of Iron Fertilizer Application on Yield and Fe Concent of Grains in Mung Bean

绿豆作为一种重要的药食同源作物,单产水平较低,施用铁肥可提高植株的光合作用,进而提高绿豆产量和品质。设置2种铁肥施用方式(基施,B1;80%基施+20%喷施,B2)搭配4种铁肥施用量(0、250、500和750 kg/hm^(2),分别以CK、A1、A2和A3表示)的处理试验,研究对绿豆光合作用参数、产量及其相关指标和绿豆籽粒含铁量的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,A3处理绿豆植株的叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、产量相关指标(株高、荚长、单株荚数、百粒重、籽粒产量、生物产量)及籽粒含铁量均显著提高。与B1方式相比,B2方式对光合系统Ⅱ实际光化学效率[Y(Ⅱ)]、光合电子传递速率(ETR)和籽粒含铁量有显著影响。因此,本研究认为750.00 kg/hm^(2)的铁肥搭配80%基施+20%喷施能显著提高绿豆的产量和籽粒品质。

Mung bean,as an important food-medicine homologous crop,has a low yield per unit area.Applying iron fertilizer can improve the photosynthesis of mung bean plants and further improve its yield and quality.In this study,two application modes of iron fertilizer(basal application,B1;80%basal application+20%spraying,B2)were set in field with four application amounts of iron fertilizer(0,250,500,750 kg/ha,represented by CK,A1,A2,A3,respectively).The effects of different treatments on photosynthesis parameters,yield and its related indexes and iron content of grains were studied.The results showed that compared with CK,the chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,yield-related indexes(plant height,pod length,pod number per plant,100-grains weight,grain yield,biological yield)and grain Fe content of mung bean were significantly increased with A3 treatment.Compared with B1 mode,the actual photochemical efficiency[Y(Ⅱ)],photosynthetic electron transport rate(ETR)and grain Fe content were significantly affected by the B2 mode.Therefore,this study concluded that 750 kg/ha iron fertilizer combined with 80%base application+20%spray application could significantly improve the yield and grain quality of mung bean.