同伴地位对校园欺凌中旁观者防护行为的影响——社会自我效能感及道德推脱的中介作用

The Effect of Peer Status on Bystanders'Defending Behavior in School Bullying——The Mediating Role of Social Self-efficacy and Moral Disengagement

目的:探索同伴地位、社会自我效能感以及道德推脱对旁观者防护行为的影响机制。方法:采用中文版青少年欺负参与问卷、同伴提名问卷、社会自我效能感问卷和道德推脱问卷对1279名中学生进行调查。结果:(1)相较于普通型同伴地位,受拒斥型同伴地位能够显著直接负向预测旁观者防护行为;(2)以普通型同伴地位为参照,社会自我效能感在受欢迎型、受拒斥型、有争议型以及被忽视型同伴地位对旁观者防护行为的预测中发挥中介效用;(3)以普通型同伴地位为参照,道德推脱在受欢迎型和受拒斥型同伴地位对防护行为的预测中发挥中介效用;(4)以普通型同伴地位为参照,社会自我效能感和道德推脱在受拒斥型同伴地位与防护行为之间起链式中介作用。结论:同伴地位不仅直接影响旁观者的防护行为,还会通过社会自我效能感和道德推脱间接影响旁观者防护行为。

Objective:To explore the effects of peer status,social self-efficacy and moral disengagement on bystanders'defending behavior.Methods:1279 middle school students were investigated with the Chinese version of bullying participation questionnaire,peer nomination questionnaire,social self-efficacy questionnaire and moral disengagement questionnaire.Results:(1)Rejected peer status significantly and negatively predicted defending behavior compared to average peer status;(2)Social self-efficacy mediated the predictive effect of popular,rejected,controversial,and neglected peer status on bystander defending behavior using average peer status as a reference;(3)Moral disengagement mediated the predictive effect of popular and rejected peer status on defending behavior using average peer status as a reference;(4)Social selfefficacy and moral disengagement mediated the relationship between rejected peer status and defending behavior,using average peer status as a reference.Conclusion:Peer status not only directly affects bystanders'defending behavior,but also indirectly affects bystanders'defending behavior through social self-efficacy and moral disengagement.