地方品种鸡性连锁矮小基因检测优化及其应用

Optimization and Application of Sexlinked Dwarf GeneDetection in Endemic Chickens

性连锁矮小鸡因其体重轻、基础代谢低、耗料少、抗病力强等特点,在地方鸡遗传改良中极具潜力。为鉴定对矮小鸡基因(dw),并以及在繁殖过程中剔除杂合子个体,确保后代无性状分离及鸡群胫长和体重等方面的均匀性。我们设计5对特异性引物,对251只矮小黄羽肉鸡进行PCR和扩增片段测序。结果显示只含有dw基因鸡仅扩增出727 bp的单一条带;其中98只为矮小纯合子鸡,基因型频率为47.34%,33只为矮小杂合子鸡,基因型频率为15.94%。研究表明,优化后分子生物学方法能够准确鉴定出含有dw基因的鸡,且相较于酶切法,鉴定结果更加稳定。此方法可用于矮小肉鸡的早期选择,从而加快育种进程。

Sex-linked dwarf chickens have great potential in genetic improvement of local chickens because of their low weight,low basal metabolism,low feed consumption and strong disease resistance.In order to identify the dwarf genes(dw)in chickens,and to remove heterozygous individuals during the breeding process,to ensure the non-character separation of offspring and the uniformity of the tibia length and body weight of chickens,we designed 5 pairs of specific primers to perform PCR and amplified segment sequencing on 251 dwarf yellow-feathered broilers.The results showed that only chickens containing dw gene had a single band of 727 bp.Among them,98 were small homozygous chickens with genotype frequency of 47.34%,and 33 were small heterozygous chickens with genotype frequency of 15.94%.The results showed that the optimized molecular biological method could accurately identify the chickens containing dw gene,and the identification result was more stable than that of the enzyme digestion method.This method can be used for early selection of dwarf chickens,thus speeding up the breeding process.