桑叶粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、体成分及肌肉品质的影响

The Effects of Mulberry Leaf Powder on Performance,Body Composition,and Muscle Quality of Litopenaeus Vannamei

该试验旨在研究桑叶粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、体成分及肌肉品质的影响。试验选取体重约(1.17±0.01)g的对虾640尾,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复40尾虾。在基础饲料中分别添加0、2%、4%、6%的桑叶粉,配制4种等氮等脂等能的试验饲料,记为G0(对照组)、G1、G2、G3组,试验期为56 d。结果显示,凡纳滨对虾的终末体重、蛋白质沉积率以G1组最高,且显著高于其它组(P<0.05);增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均以G1组最高,显著高于其它添加组(P<0.05),但与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料系数G1组最低,显著低于其它添加组(P<0.05),但与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。肥满度G0组显著高于G2、G3组(P<0.05)。全虾体成分中粗蛋白含量以G1组最高,显著高于对照组和G3组(P<0.05),但与G2组差异不显著(P>0.05)。粗脂肪和水分含量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。肌肉中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、水分、胶原蛋白含量和滴水损失各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。灰分含量G2组最低,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。肌肉中必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、苦味氨基酸含量均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。综上,在本试验条件下,饲料中添加适量的桑叶粉不影响凡纳滨对虾的生长性能、体成分和肌肉品质,以添加量为2%时,效果较好。

This experiment aims to investigate the effects of mulberry leaf powder on the growth performance,body composition,and muscle quality of Litopenaeus vannamei.640 shrimp weighing approximately(1.17±0.01)g were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into 4 groups,each with 4 replicates and 40 shrimp per replicate.Add 0,2%,4%,and 6%mulberry leaf powder to the basic feed,and prepare four types of experimental feed with equal nitrogen,fat,and energy,denoted as G0(control group),G1,G2,and G3 groups.The experimental period is 56 days.The results showed that the G1 group had the highest final body weight and protein deposition rate,and it was significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05).The weight gain rate,specific growth rate,and protein efficiency were all highest in the G1 group,significantly higher than other additive groups(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference compared to the control group(P>0.05).The feed coefficient of group G1 was the lowest,significantly lower than other additive groups(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference compared to the control group(P>0.05).The plumpness of the G0 group was significantly higher than that of the G2 and G3 groups(P<0.05).The crude protein content in the whole shrimp body was highest in the G1 group,significantly higher than the control group and G3 group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference compared to the G2 group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in crude fat and water content among the groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in crude protein,crude fat,water content,collagen content,and drip loss among the groups in muscle(P>0.05).The G2 group had the lowest ash content,significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the content of essential amino acids,non essential amino acids,fresh amino acids,and bitter amino acids in muscles(P>0.05).In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,adding an appropriate amount of mulberry leaf powder to the feed does not affect the growth performance,body composition,and muscle quality of Litopenaeus vannamei.When the addition amount is 2%,the effect is better.