森林-城镇交界域火灾研究进展

Advances in research of wildland-urban interface fires

森林-城镇交界域(wildland-urban interface, WUI)作为人类聚集区与森林等自然生态系统的过渡区域,是人与环境紧密联系的焦点区域,也是火灾高发区。交界域火灾现象与人类活动有着密切联系,随着城镇化水平大幅提升及森林城市建设的快速发展,人类活动增多,交界域火源更复杂,火灾发生频次和规模日趋严重。通过文献分析及火灾案例整理,综述了森林-城镇交界域的火灾发生概况、火灾防控研究内容和研究方法等方面的研究进展。目前我国对森林-城镇交界域的概念比较模糊,有待进一步明确和规范。探讨了今后的研究方向,为更加科学有效进行森林-城镇交界域火灾防治,需进一步拓展交界域火灾案例库;整合林火卫星监测系统、林草部门视频监控和城管大数据平台,研建我国森林-城镇交界域火灾预警监测系统;加强火行为模型、无人机、遥感监测等新技术的研究力度,为森林-城镇交界域火管理对策、火灾预防标准和风险降低方案提供参考。

As the wildland-urban interface(WUI)becomes an increasingly important area of focus,the close relationship between human settlements and natural ecosystems such as forests has led to a high incidence of fires.Human activities play significant roles in the occurrence of fires in the WUI,and with rapid urbanization and the construction of forest cities,the complexity and severity of these fires have increased.This paper provides an overview of research progress on fires in the WUI,through literature analysis and case studies.At present,the concept of the WUI in China lacks clarity and standardization,highlighting the need for further research in this area.Future research should focus on expanding the database of interface fire cases and integrating satellite monitoring systems,video surveillance,and big data platforms to establish an early warning and monitoring system for the WUI.In addition,strengthening the research on fire behavior simulation and remote sensing monitoring,especially UAV fire behavior detection technology research on fire behavior simulations and remote sensing monitoring of WUI and unmanned aerial,remote-sensing monitoring and other new technologies will be crucial for providing effective solutions for fire prevention and control in the WUI.This will also contribute to the improvement of management measures,standards,and risk reduction strategies.Overall,the emphasis on new technologies and scientific research will provide a solid foundation for the management and reduction of fire risks in the WUI.