克隆间相互作用对豌豆蚜性投资策略的影响

Impact of Interclonal Interactions on Sexual Investment Strategies of Pea Aphids

为探究克隆间相互作用对豌豆蚜性别分化的影响。本研究使用3个豌豆蚜克隆(MS克隆,PS克隆,Y克隆)作为研究对象。首先选用琼脂法,在低温短日照条件下诱导性母后,分别制作1头区、2头区和混合区,调查各试验区性母的日产蚜量、后代性比和性母的保幼激素3的滴度。结果显示:在MS克隆的1头区,雌雄后代比约为1∶1,当初始性母数增加或与非我克隆共存时,后代的性雌蚜数会增加,雄蚜数减少。PS克隆与MS克隆共存时,相较于1头区,PS克隆后代性雌蚜和雄蚜数均减少,胎生蚜数却显著增加,而2头区的后代性别分化与1头区相比未出现明显差异。Y克隆各处理间性分化未出现差异。性母保幼激素3的滴度与雄蚜数量呈负相关,与胎生蚜数量呈正相关。本研究结果表明,豌豆蚜性母可以根据周边克隆的类型和密度调整后代性别比,以优化其生态适应性和基因传播效率。

To investigate the effect of clonal interactions to sex differentiation in pea aphids.Three pea aphid clones(MS clone,PS clone,and Y clone)were used in this study.Firstly,the agar method was selected to induce sexuparae under low temperature and short-day light,and then using the sexupara of each clone to prepare a single aphid treatment and two-aphids treatment,as well as mixed clonal treatments consisting of different clones,and to investigate the daily aphid production of sexuparae,the sexual differentiation of the progeny,and the juvenile hormone III titer of sexuparae in each treatment.The results showed that in a single aphid treatment of the MS clone,the ratio of male to female progeny was about 1∶1,and the number of oviparous female aphids in the progeny increased and the number of male aphids decreased when the initial number of sexuparae was increased or coexisted with the non-self clone.When cohabitated with the MS clone,the PS clone exhibited a reduction in the count of oviparous females and males,alongside a marked increase in the population of viviparous aphids,in comparison to a single treatment,yet,the sexual differentiation observed in the progeny from the two-aphids treatment did not significantly deviate from that in a single aphid treatment.On the other hand,none of the Y clones showed significant differences in sex differentiation among treatments.The juvenile hormone III titer of sexuparae was negatively correlated with the number of male aphids,and positively correlated with the number of viviparous aphids.The findings of this study suggest that pea aphid sexuparae can adjust offspring sex ratios according to the type and density of peripheral clones to optimize their ecological fitness and gene transmission efficiency.