乳酸菌与纤维素酶对丹参地上部分青贮品质的影响

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cellulase on the Silage Quality of Above-ground Parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza

为研究不同添加剂对丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)地上部分青贮发酵品质和微生物群落多样性的影响,以丹参地上部分为材料,自然发酵为对照组,添加乳酸菌(Lactobacillus)(1×10^(8)CFU)、添加纤维素酶(0.1 g·kg^(-1))、组合添加(乳酸菌)(1×10^(8)CFU)、纤维素酶0.1 g·kg^(-1)为试验组,60 d后取样分析其品质及微生物多样性。结果表明:处理组对饲料的粗蛋白、总多糖、乳酸含量和pH值有显著影响。与对照组相比,添加乳酸菌显著提高饲料的粗蛋白含量,显著降低氨态氮/总氮;添加纤维素酶显著提高饲料乳酸含量,降低pH值、氨态氮/总氮;组合添加原饲料粗蛋白含量不变,显著增加可溶性碳水化合物、总多糖、乳酸含量,降低pH值、氨态氮/总氮。发酵显著增加了乳酸杆菌属的相对丰度,降低了链球菌属(Streptococcus)的相对丰度,乳酸杆菌属在发酵过程中起主要作用。总之,处理组均能提高丹参地上部分青贮饲料的品质,组合添加组的丹参地上部分青贮品质最佳。

In order to study the effects of different additives on the silage fermentation quality and microbial community diversity of aboveground parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge,the aboveground parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge were used as the material,natural fermentation was used as the control group,and bacteria(1×10^(8) CFU),cellulase(0.1 g·kg^(-1)),and the combination of additives(bacteria 1×10^(8) CFU,cellulase 0.1 g·kg^(-1))were added as the experimental group,and the samples were taken after 60 days of fermentation.The results showed that the treatment groups had a significant effect on the crude protein,total polysaccharide,pH value and lactic acid content of the feed.Compared to the control group,the addition of the lactic acid bacteria significantly increased the crude protein content of the feed and significantly decreased the ammoniacal nitrogen/total nitrogen.The addition of cellulase significantly increased the lactic acid content of the feeds and decreased the pH and ammoniacal nitrogen/total nitrogen.The combination of the additions maintained the original feeds’crude protein content,significantly increased the content of the soluble carbohydrates,total polysaccharides,and lactic acid,and decreased the pH value and ammoniacal nitrogen/total nitrogen.Fermentation significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased the relative abundance of Streptococcus.Lactobacillus played a major role in the fermentation process.In conclusion,all treatment groups improved the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge above-ground part silage,and the best quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge above-ground part silage was obtained in the combination addition group.