新污染物水生态环境风险及其防控形势

Ecological Risks of Emerging Contaminants in Aquatic Environments and Their Control Strategies

水生态环境质量一直是环境保护领域的焦点。目前,针对化学需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、总氮、总磷等常规污染物的治理取得了显著成果。然而,新污染物带来的水生态风险日益显著。新污染物种类繁多且分布广泛,具有生物毒性、环境持久性、生物累积性等典型特征,加强水体新污染物管控治理,是深化环境污染防治、保护国家水质安全的必然要求,也是当前水生态环境健康风险防控亟需解决的问题。本文对新污染物水生态环境风险特征及国内外相关水质标准进行梳理和分析,助力我国水质提升和水生态环境风险防控工作的高效发展。

The quality of the aquatic ecological environment has long been a focal point in the field of environmental protection.Significant progress has been made over the past decades in controlling conventional pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand,permanganate index,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus.However,the ecological risks posed by emerging contaminants have become increasingly prominent.Emerging contaminants are diverse and widespread,characterized by their biotoxicity,environmental persistence,and bioaccumulation.Strengthening the management and control of emerging contaminants in water bodies is essential for advancing pollution prevention,safeguarding national water quality,and addressing the urgent issue of ecological health risk prevention.This paper systematically reviews and analyzes the ecological risks associated with emerging contaminants in water bodies,as well as related water quality standards in both domestic and international contexts,providing support for the improvement of water quality and the efficient development of aquatic environmental risk management in China.