古史大家赵光贤的知识结构和治学路径

Zhao Guangxian, A Famous Scholar of Ancient Chinese Hisory: His Knowledge Structure and Research Methodology

赵光贤是现代先秦史大家。他的古史研究以考证为专长,一方面受到顾颉刚和“古史辨”派的深刻影响,另一方面也继承了陈垣的史学考证方法。赵光贤对西洋上古史有精深的研习,西方学者利用考古资料重建上古史的做法激发了他对中国考古学的兴趣。熟知西方古代社会且精通英文、德文的赵光贤对马克思主义史学理论有深刻的认识,是“古史分期问题”讨论中“西周封建说”的代表人物之一。赵光贤具有多元化的知识结构,在六十余年的学术生涯中形成了以传统史学考证为根柢、以疑古辨伪为基础、以出土文献和考古资料为支撑、以西洋上古史为对照、最终走向马克思主义史学的古史研究路径。

Zhao Guangxian was a renowned scholar of pre-Qin history in modern times. He was famous for his textual reresearch on history of ancient China, which had been profoundly influenced by Gu Jiegang and the School of evaluations of ancient historiography on the one hand, and on the other hand, he inherited Chen Yuan's textual research methods. Zhao Guangxian had conducted in-depth research on history of ancient Western civilization, and the Western scholars' reconstruction of ancient history with archaeological data inspired his interest in Chinese archaeology. His familiarity with ancient Western society and proficiency in English and German made him have a profound understanding of Marxist historical theories, and he became one of the representatives who advocated that Chinese feudal society formed in Western Zhou in the debate of the “Periodization of Ancient Chinese History”.Zhao's knowledge system is comprehesive. His research methodology based on textual research and distinguishing textual forgery, and was supported by excavated documents and archaeological data and compared with study of history of ancient Western civilization. Finaly, he accepted historical materialism.