长江中下游不同小麦品种淀粉特性及产量的差异性分析

Analysis of starch characteristics and yield differences of different wheat varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

为揭示长江中下游不同小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种的淀粉特性及产量间差异,寻找更适宜在该地区生长的优良小麦品种,对15个小麦品种的淀粉特性、沉淀值、蛋白质含量及产量进行分析。结果表明,各小麦品种间的淀粉糊化特性、淀粉冻融稳定性和淀粉含量差异较大,其中,宁麦9号和鄂麦006的糊化特性在一定程度上优于其他品种,且这2个品种的淀粉冻融稳定性表现较好、淀粉含量也较高。不同小麦品种间沉淀值存在显著差异,襄麦55和荆麦102沉淀值较高,分别为10.67 mL和8.00 mL。在15个品种中产量居前三位的依次为荆麦102、鄂麦596和漯麦6010,宁麦9号和鄂麦006产量居中。综上所述,荆麦102、鄂麦596和漯麦6010在长江中下游平原区种植可获得高产,而宁麦9号和鄂麦006在长江中下游平原区种植淀粉品质较优,故这些品种可以成为后续推广的优良品种。

In order to reveal the differences in starch characteristics and yield of different wheat varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and to find better wheat varieties that were more suitable for growing in this area,the starch characteristics,sedimentation value,protein content and yield of 15 wheat varieties were analyzed.The results showed that the starch gelatinization characteristics,starch freeze-thaw stability and starch content of wheat varieties were quite different among different varieties.Among them,the gelatinization characteristics of Ningmai No.9 and Emai 006 were better than those of other varieties to a certain extent,the starch freeze-thaw stability of these two varieties was also good,and the starch content was also high.There were significant differences in the precipitation values among different wheat varieties,and the starch precipitation values of Xiangmai 55 and Jingmai 102 were high,with values of 10.67 mL and 8.00 mL,respectively.In addition,among the 15 varieties,Jingmai 102,Emai 596 and Luomai 6010 ranked the top three in yield,and Ningmai No.9 and Emai 006 were ranked middle in yield.In summary,Jingmai 102,Emai 596 and Luomai 6010 could obtain high yields in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,while Ningmai No.9 and Emai 006 planted in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River had excellent starch quality,so these varieties could become excellent varieties for subsequent promotion.