2018年广西宫颈癌流行特征及疾病负担分析

Analysis of cervical cancer epidemiological characteristics and disease burden in Guangxi,2018

目的:分析2018年广西宫颈癌的流行特征及其造成的疾病负担,为广西宫颈癌防治策略的制定提供科学依据。方法:基于2018年广西宫颈癌发病和死亡数据,计算粗发病率、粗死亡率、中国人口年龄标准化发病率/死亡率(简称中标发病率/死亡率)、世界人口年龄标准化发病率/死亡率(简称世标发病率/死亡率)、伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)等指标,评价宫颈癌的疾病负担。结果:2018年广西肿瘤登记地区共报告宫颈癌新发病例2100例,粗发病率为17.54/10万,中标发病率为14.71/10万;共报告死亡例数为799例,粗死亡率为6.67/10万,中标死亡率为5.22/10万。2018年广西宫颈癌合计损失的DALYs为13673.14人年,DALYs率为1.14‰。宫颈癌的发病率、死亡率和DALYs率均存在城乡和年龄差异:城市地区中标发病率为13.47/10万,中标死亡率为5.17/10万,DALYs率为1.13‰;农村地区中标发病率为15.91/10万,中标死亡率为5.27/10万,DALYs率为1.15‰,农村地区的中标发病率、中标死亡率和DALYs率均高于城市地区。宫颈癌年龄段发病率和年龄段死亡率分别在50~54岁和75~79岁年龄段达到峰值。结论:2018年广西宫颈癌发病率、死亡率和DALYs率均处于较高水平。广西应大力推进适龄女性尤其是9~15岁青少年女性人乳头状瘤病毒疫苗的接种工作,加强宫颈癌的筛查与早诊早治工作,从而降低宫颈癌疾病负担。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of cervical cancer in Guangxi in 2018,and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of cervical cancer prevention and treatment strategies in Guangxi.Methods Based on the data of cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Guangxi in 2018,the crude incidence rate,crude mortality rate,agestandardized incidence/mortality rate of Chinese population(ASIR/ASMR China),age-standardized incidence/mortality rate of world population(ASIR/ASMR world),disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and other indicators were calculated to evaluate the disease burden of cervical cancer.Results In 2018,a total of 2100 new cases of cervical cancer were reported in tumor registration areas in Guangxi,with a crude incidence rate of 17.54/100000 and an ASIR China of 14.71/100000;a total of 799 deaths were reported,with a crude mortality rate of 6.67/100000 and an ASMR China of 5.22/100000.In 2018,the total DALYs lost by cervical cancer in Guangxi was 13673.14 person-years,and the DALYs rate was 1.14‰.There were differences in the incidence,mortality and DALYs rates of cervical cancer between urban and rural areas and age:the ASIR China was 13.47/100000,the ASMR China was 5.17/100000,and the DALYs rate was 1.13‰in urban areas;the ASIR China was 15.91/100000,the ASMR China was 5.27/100000,and the DALYs rate was 1.15‰in rural areas,and the ASIR China,ASMR China and DALYs rate in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas.The age bracket incidence and mortality of cervical cancer peaked in the age bracket of 50-54 years old and 75-79 years old,respectively.Conclusions In 2018,the incidence,mortality and DALYs rates of cervical cancer in Guangxi were all at a relatively high level.Therefore,Guangxi should vigorously promote the human papilloma virus vaccination of women of appropriate age,especially young women aged 9-15,and strengthen the screening and early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer,so as to reduce the burden of cervical cancer.