5种园林植物对淹水胁迫的生理响应及耐涝性评价

Physiological response to waterlogging stress and waterlogging tolerance evaluation of 5 garden plants

对5种园林植物的生理指标进行综合评价,为雨水花园耐涝植物的选配提供参考。通过控水模拟淹水胁迫,以美人蕉(Canna indica L.)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus L.)、鸢尾(Iris tectorum Maxim.)、梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata L.)和大叶油草[Axonopus compressus(Sw.)Beauv.] 5种园林植物为试验材料,研究其叶片中脯氨酸(Pro)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的变化,并采用主成分分析法计算出4个生理指标的综合评价(D)值,以此来评估这5种植物的耐涝性。结果表明,淹水胁迫28 d后,各植物的外部形态特征均有明显变化,菖蒲叶片中Pro含量呈先下降后上升的趋势,其余4种植物均呈现先上升后下降的趋势;5种植物叶片中SOD、POD和CAT含量的变化呈现一定的同步性,均呈先上升后下降的趋势。根据综合评价结果可知,5种植物的耐涝性从强到弱的顺序依次为:梭鱼草>菖蒲>美人蕉>鸢尾>大叶油草,5种园林草本植物在淹水试验28 d过程中均表现出良好的耐涝特性,适合作为雨水花园植物的选择与应用。

A thorough assessment of 5 herbs’waterlogging tolerance was conducted,furnishing a theoretical foundation for the fabrication of sponge city.Using 5 kinds of garden plants as experimental materials,potted water control used to simulate flooding stress,the wilting degree of plants under flooding stress was investigated.The comparison of the proline content(Pro),peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)of different plant leaves were made.The four indexes'comprehensive evaluation of D value was calculated by the principal component analysis(PCA),and the waterlogging tolerance of 5 garden plants was thoroughly evaluated.After 28 days of flooding stress,the wilting degree and four physiological indexes of each plant changed significantly.The Pro content in Acorus calamus leaves decreased first and then increased,and the other 4 plants increased first and then decreased the contents of SOD,POD and CAT in the leaves of the five plants showed a certain synchronicity,and all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The evaluation results revealed that the order of waterlogging tolerance of the 5 plants,ranging from strong to weak was:Pontederia cordata>Acorus calamus>Canna indica>Iris tectorum>Axonopus compressus.Moreover,the five garden herbs showed good waterlogging tolerance during the 28-days flooding test.These kinds of plants were suitable for selection and application in the construction of rain gardens.