糖源对“东方黏虫-异色瓢虫”饲养体系的影响

Effects of Sugar Sources on the Rearing System of“Mythimna separate-Harmonia axyridis”

为了优化“东方黏虫-异色瓢虫”饲养体系中卵粒对异色瓢虫的饲喂效果,同时解决异色瓢虫取食低龄幼虫和高龄幼虫仅交配不产卵的问题。本文在该体系的基础上通过补充蜂蜜、蔗糖和葡萄糖3种水溶液,研究糖源物质对异色瓢虫生长发育及繁殖的影响。研究结果表明:以卵粒为饲料,添加糖源物质后异色瓢虫世代发育历期显著缩短、繁殖力显著提升,其中以葡萄糖饲喂效果最优(世代发育历期为20.71 d,30 d单雌平均产卵量937.00粒);以低龄幼虫和高龄幼虫为饲料,添加糖源后异色瓢虫出现产卵行为,且均以蜂蜜饲喂繁殖力最强(30 d单雌平均产卵量分别为434.80和645.11粒)。综合试验结果和饲养效果来看,糖源物质对“东方黏虫-异色瓢虫”饲养体系具有促进作用,不仅提升卵粒的饲喂效果,而且解决了取食低龄幼虫和高龄幼虫异色瓢虫仅交配不产卵的问题,优化后能代替“植物-蚜虫-异色瓢虫”的饲养模式。这一体系打破了寄主植物和环境的限制,在异色瓢虫人工饲料的研究中取得突破,为日后室内规模化生产异色瓢虫提供借鉴。

This study aims to optimize the rearing efficiency of Harmonia axyridis eggs in the‘Mythimna separate-Harmonia axyridis’rearing system,addressing the issue of only mating without laying eggs in H.axyridis adults that feed on young and old M.separate larvae.Three sugar solutions,including honey,sucrose and glucose,were tested for their impact on the development and reproduction of H.axyridis.The results showed that,when fed with M.separate eggs and supplemented with sugar sources,H.axyridis developed faster and generation duration was significantly shortened,and showed higher reproductive capacity.Among the sugar sources,glucose had the best effect,with a generation development duration of 20.71 days and an average oviposition amount of 937.00 eggs per female in 30 days.When fed with young and old M.separate larvae and supplemented with sugar sources,H.axyridis deposited eggs,and honey feeding resulted in the highest reproductive capacity,with average oviposition amounts of 434.80 eggs and 645.11 eggs per female in 30 days,respectively.Overall,the current results show that the sugar source has a significant effect on the‘Mythimna separate-Harmonia axyridis’rearing system,not only improving the effect of feeding M.separate eggs,but also addressing the issue of low-age larvae and high-age larvae of only mating without laying eggs in H.axyridis feeding on young and old M.separate larvae.The optimized system can replace the‘plant-aphid-Harmonia axyridis’rearing system.This system breaks the limitations of host plants and environments,achieves a breakthrough in the artificial rearing of H.axyridis,and may shed light on future improvement of mass production of H.axyridis.