松褐天牛肿腿蜂雌蜂日龄对其子代发育和数量的影响

Effect of Age of Parasitoid on the Length of the Development and Brood Size of Offspring of Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae)

为了研究松褐天牛肿腿蜂Sclerodermusalternatusi雌蜂日龄对其子代发育和数量的影响,本研究将羽化后的雌蜂置于常温条件下,每隔15d选取健康活跃的雌蜂按蜂虫比1:1接于麻竖毛天牛Thyestilla gebleri幼虫体上,分析比较各组处理中子代蜂的发育历期、数量及性比等变化情况。结果表明,松褐天牛肿腿蜂的寄生率和寄生成功率均随雌蜂日龄的增加而降低,但差异不显著。不同日龄下,松褐天牛肿腿蜂雌蜂的产卵前期、子代幼虫历期、子代蛹历期和卵-蛹历期均差异显著;随雌蜂日龄增加,其子代幼虫历期和卵-蛹历期呈增加趋势,子代卵历期差异不显著。不同日龄下松褐天牛肿腿蜂子代雌蜂数和子代蜂总数差异显著,两者均以15日龄最多,分别为43.21头/寄主和47.21头/寄主,但与1日龄、30日龄和45日龄差异不显著,60日龄才显著下降,仅26.12头/寄主和28.88头/寄主。子代雄蜂数差异不显著,平均2~4头/寄主,均显著少于雌蜂数。不同日龄下松褐天牛肿腿蜂子代雄性比均低于10%,显示典型的偏雌性比,其子代雌蜂有翅率随日龄增加呈下降趋势,但均低于20%。结果表明,常温下,松褐天牛肿腿蜂羽化后45d内可维持高效的寄生效率和子代产出量,展示了良好的应用前景,研究结果为松褐天牛肿腿蜂的繁育提供依据。

The article compared the number of offspring,developmental biology,and sex ratio of Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae)in order to investigate the effect of parasitoid age on the length of the immature stage and brood size of offspring.One parasitoid per host was inoculated on Thyestilla gebleri larvae at intervals of 15 days under normal temperature conditions after the female emerged.The findings indicated that there was no discernible change between the parasitism and successful parasitism rates as parasitoid age increased.At different parasitoid ages,there were significant differences in the pre-oviposition duration of the female,the larval stage,the pupal stage,and the offspring’s developmental duration;however,there was no significant difference in the egg stage durations.The sizes of the female offspring and the total number of offspring varied significantly depending on the parasitoid's age.For example,when the mother female was 15 days old,43.21 females and 47.21 offspring emerged from one host;when the mother female was 1 day,30 days,and 45 days old,the number of females and offspring decreased slightly;and when the mother female was 60 days old,26.12 females and 28.88 offspring obtained from one host.The number of male progeny that emerged from a single host was approximately 2―4;there was no discernible variation in the parasitoid ages,and the number of female offspring was substantially lower.At five mother female ages,the male offspring ratios were less than 10%,and at varied parasitoid ages,the winged female offspring significantly declined and were all less than 20%.When the mother female was less than 45 days old,the parasitoid would maintain parasitism effectively at room temperature and lay an adequate number of eggs.New sources for raising and managing S.alternatusi to suppress longhorn beetles are supplied by this work.