脊柱手术患者自我感受负担现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of self-perceived burden status and its influencing factors in patients undergoing spine surgery

目的调查脊柱手术患者的自我感受负担(self-perceived burden,SPB)现状并探讨其影响因素,为制定相应的护理干预措施提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2024年5月—8月四川大学华西医院骨科的脊柱手术患者进行横断面调查。使用患者一般资料调查表、患者SPB量表、日常生活自理能力评定量表、医学应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表等调查脊柱手术患者SPB现状及其影响因素。结果共纳入患者230例。其中,无SPB组113例,SPB组117例。两组患者的年龄、婚姻状况、职业、支付方式、家庭成员数量、疾病诊断、日常生活自理能力、照顾者身份、照顾者性别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在117例SPB患者中,轻度SPB 83例(36.09%)、中度SPB 27例(11.74%)、重度SPB 7例(3.04%),其SPB平均得分分别为(24.06±2.92)、(33.07±2.87)、(44.86±4.56)分。二元logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,患者的婚姻状况、疾病诊断及照顾者性别是脊柱手术患者SPB的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论脊柱手术患者的SPB处于轻中度水平,且受患者婚姻状况、疾病诊断及照顾者性别因素的影响。

Objective To investigate the status of self-perceived burden(SPB)in patients undergoing spine surgery and to explore its influencing factors,in ordering to provide a basis for formulating corresponding nursing interventions.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on patients undergoing spine surgery in Department of Orthopedic Surgery,West China Hospital of Sichuan University between May and August 2024.The patient general information questionnaire,the patient SPB Scale,the Barthel Index,the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire,and the Social Support Rating Scale were used to investigate the SPB status and its influencing factors in patients undergoing spine surgery.Results A total of 230 patients were included.There were 113 cases in the non-SPB group and 117 cases in the SPB group.There were statistically significant differences in age,marital status,occupation,payment method,the number of family,disease diagnosis,Barthel Index score,caregiver identity,and caregiver gender between the two groups of patients(P<0.05).Among 117 patients with SPB,83(36.09%)had mild SPB,27(11.74%)had moderate SPB,and 7(3.04%)had severe SPB.The average SPB scores for mild,moderate,and severe patients were(24.06±2.92),(33.07±2.87),and(44.86±4.56)points,respectively.The results of binary logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that the patient’s marital status,disease diagnosis,and caregiver gender were independent influencing factors for SPB in patients undergoing spine surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion The SPB of patients undergoing spine surgery is at a mild to moderate level,which is affected by factors such as marital status,disease diagnosis,and caregiver gender.