上海市静安区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常现状及影响因素分析

Status quo of abnormal spinal curvature and its influencing factors among primary and middle school students in Jing'an District of Shanghai Municipality

目的了解上海市静安区9~15岁中小学生脊柱弯曲异常检出情况,分析学生脊柱弯曲异常的影响因素,为今后政府开展学生脊柱弯曲异常防治工作提供理论依据。方法研究采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2021年在上海市静安区随机抽取了4所中小学四年级至初三学生进行脊柱弯曲异常检查及影响因素调查,采用χ^(2)检验对脊柱弯曲异常检出率进行比较,采用logistic回归分析脊柱弯曲异常的影响因素,检验水准α=0.05。结果本研究共纳入9~15岁小学生、初中生1173人,其中男生615人,女生558人。本研究共检出中小学生脊柱弯曲异常129例,检出率为10.99%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,经常/总是坐立塌腰趴着(OR=1.177、1.391)、每天校外视屏时间>60 min(OR=2.174)、每天睡眠≤9 h(OR=2.579)、多数时间入睡困难(OR=2.691)是中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的危险因素。结论上海市静安区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常检出率较高,卫生部门应加强青少年脊柱弯曲异常早期筛查和诊断,指导学校开展早期干预措施。

Objective To understand the detection status of spinal curvature abnormalities among primary and secondary school students aged 9-15 years in Jing'an District of Shanghai Municipality,and to analyze the factors influencing spinal curvature abnormalities among the students so as to provide a theoretical basis for the government to conduct prevention and treatment of spinal curvature abnormalities among the students in futureM.I ethodsA stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select four primary and secondary school students from Grades 4-9 in Jing'an District of Shanghai Municipality in 2021.Spinal curvature abnormalities were screened,and their influencing factors were investigated.Chi-squared test was employed to compare the detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature,and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing abnormal spinal curvature,withα=0.05.Results A total of 1,173 primary and middle school students aged 9-15 years were enrolled into this study,including 615 males and 558 females.A total of 129 cases of abnormal spinal curvature were detected in the primary and secondary school students,with the detection rate of 10.99%.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis displayed that frequently/constantly sitting and lying down(OR=1.177,OR=1.391),daily off-campus video time>60 minutes(OR=2.174),daily sleep duration≤9 hours(OR=2.579),and difficulty falling asleep most of the time(OR=2.691)were the risk factors for abnormal spinal curvature in the primary and secondary school students.Conclusion The detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature among the primary and secondary school students in Jing'an District of Shanghai Municipality is relatively high.The health department should strengthen early screening and diagnosis of spinal curvature in adolescents,and guide schools to take early intervention measures.