近代日本学者对云冈石窟的考察及其文献研究

The Investigation of Yungang Grottoes by Modern Japanese Scholars and Their Literature Research

近代日本对云冈石窟的学术考察起步早、持续时间长、学科涵盖面广,考察形态由初期的个人受托考察发展到成立专门研究机构,记录形式有论著、旅行记、图版解说。这些成果宏观上形成互补,共同构成丰富多维的考察文献。日本学者的考察目的始终贯穿于研究内容,有机融合传统中国和近代欧洲的方法论,其研究具有一定特征,亦是近代中国学者加速云冈石窟研究的“信息源”和“催化剂”。综合研究不同时期图文记录,可为今天的石窟保护提供直接依据。另一方面,近代日本的学术考察是殖民主义驱动下的产物,具有时代性和目的性,对其内容应有必要的审视与批判。

The academic investigation of Yungang Grottoes in modern Japan started early,lasted for a long time,and covered a wide range of disciplines.The form of investigation developed from the initial personal entrusted research to the establishment of specialized research institutions.The forms of recording included works,travel notes,and plate explanations.These results comple-ment each other on the macro level,and together constitute a rich multi-dimensional investigation literature,which can enrich the ar-chives of Yungang cultural heritage.A comprehensive study of graphic records in different periods can provide a direct basis for to-day’s grotto protection.The purpose of Japanese scholars’investigation runs through the research content,organically integrates the methodology of traditional China and modern Europe,and its achievements have become the“information source”and“catalyst”for modern Chinese scholars to accelerate the pace of Yungang Grottoes research.On the other hand,the academic investigation of modern Japan is a product driven by colonialism,which has the characteristics of the times and purpose,and its content should be ex-amined and criticized.