摘要
Objective:The institutionalization of care for patients with dementia is becoming a trend.Understanding the burden on employed caregivers and exploring associated factors are of great importance in practice.Therefore,this study aimed to examine the relationship between basic attributes,caring ability,and caregiver burden in employed caregivers practicing in nursing homes.Methods:This cross-sectional study included 541 employed caregivers in 11 four-star nursing homes in Zhejiang Province from April to December 2022.Caregiver burden was assessed using the Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI).Demographic characteristics of participants,characteristics of the older patients with dementia,caring characteristics,training in dementia care,and caring abilities were collected for analysis of influencing factors.A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors influencing the burden on employed caregivers in nursing homes.Results:The ZBI score of employed caregivers in nursing homes was 40.42±10.18,representing a moderate caregiver burden.Factors such as age(U=27.82,P<0.001),residence(U=7.89,P<0.001),educational level(H=55.81,P<0.001),self-care of older patients with dementia(H=85.21,P<0.001),daily care hours(H=73.25,P<0.001),number of older people with dementia cared for(H=14.56,P<0.012)and training in dementia care(U=-9.43,P<0.001)were significantly associated with caregiver burden.Caring ability was negatively associated with caregiver burden(r=-0.22,P<0.01).Furthermore,after controlling for demographic characteristics,the characteristics of older people with dementia,caring characteristics,training in dementia care,and caring ability explained 8.5%,5.8%,and 4.8%of the caregiver burden,respectively.Conclusion:The burden of employed caregivers on patients with dementia in nursing homes can be attributed to various factors.We recommend tailored interventions,such as dementia care training and reviewing the number and duration of hours worked to reduce the burden experienced by caregivers.
目的老年失智患者的机构养老已成为一种趋势。了解受雇照护者的照护负担并探讨相关因素在护理实践中具有重要意义。本研究探讨养老机构雇佣照护者的人口学特征、护理能力与照护负担之间的关系。方法该横断面研究纳入了2022年4月至12月期间浙江省11所四星级养老机构的541名雇佣照护者。采用Zarit负担访谈(Zarit Burden Interview,ZBI)量表对雇佣照护者的负担进行评估。收集了雇佣照护者的人口学特征、老年失智患者的特征、护理特征、失智照护培训和护理能力,通过分层线性回归,探讨影响养老机构雇佣照护者负担的相关因素。结果养老机构雇佣照护者的ZBI得分为(40.42±10.18)分,表明照护者负担为中等程度。年龄(U=27.820,P<0.001)、居住地(U=7.893,P<0.001)、受教育程度(H=55.806,P<0.001)、老年失智患者自理能力(H=85.210,P<0.001)、日常护理时间(H=73.246,P<0.001)、照护老年失智患者的人数(H=14.562,P=0.012)和失智照护培训(U=-9.426,P<0.001)与照护者负担显著相关。照护能力与照护者负担呈负相关(r=-0.224,P<0.01)。此外,在控制了人口统计学特征后,老年失智患者的特征、护理特征、失智照护培训和护理能力分别解释了8.5%、5.8%和4.8%的照护者负担。结论养老机构老年失智患者雇佣照护者负担是一系列综合因素导致的结果,建议根据可变因素制订干预措施,如养老机构管理者通过失智照护培训提高护理能力,同时科学安排雇佣照护者的照护数量和时间,减轻其负担。
基金
supported by the Department of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province(LGF22H250002)
the Health Commission of Zhejiang Province(2024KY002 to L.C.,2024KY617 to L.W.,2022KY004 to J.B.)
The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funders.
