全球脑机接口战略政策比较及对我国的启示

Comparison of Global Brain-Computer Interface Strategies and Policies with Implications for China

脑机接口(BCI)是生命科学与信息技术深度交叉融合的前沿战略性技术。本文重点梳理了美国、欧盟、日本、韩国、中国等主要国家和地区脑机接口技术的战略政策,并从管理机构、研究重点、资金投入、发展模式、标准制定、伦理治理等6个方面,横向对比各国的战略政策差异,识别我国相关战略政策布局的优劣势。研究发现:中国脑机接口技术发展在管理机构设置、配套政策支持、资金投入力度等方面仍存在不足。建议优化组织管理机构、加强政策系统科学布局、引入多元资金投入来源、促进跨学科跨领域整合融合发展、加快构建脑机接口行业规范和标准体系、强化神经伦理问题同步研究等,以抢占脑机接口科技竞争制高点。

Brain-computer interface(BCI) is a cutting-edge strategic technology that deeply integrates life science and information technology.This article focuses on the strategies and policies of BCI technology in the United States,the European Union,Japan,South Korea,China and other countries in the world.It horizontally compares the strategies and policies differences in different countries from six aspects:management institution,research focus,capital investment,development model,standard setting,and ethical governance.The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the layout of relevant strategies and policies in China.The findings reveal that there are still some deficiencies in the development of BCI in China,such as the establishment of management institutions,supporting policies and capital investment intensity.This paper suggests optimizing organizational management institutions,strengthening the systematic and scientific layout of policies,introducing diverse sources of capital investment,promoting integrated development of interdisciplinary and crossdisciplinary,accelerating the establishment of industry norms and standards system for BCI,and enhancing simultaneous research on neuroethical issues,so as to seize the commanding heights in BCI technology competition.