毛泽东对劳动价值论的原创性贡献和创造性应用

Mao Zedong's Original Contribution and Creative Application of the Labour Theory of Value

毛泽东通过阅读和批判社会主义政治经济学著作,创新性地建构了社会主义商品生产理论,实现了对马克思主义经典劳动价值论的原创性贡献。毛泽东强调社会主义社会存在商品生产,也必须进行生产,商品生产对社会主义经济建设的作用不容忽视;指出社会主义商品生产是同社会主义制度联系在一起的,不会引导政权走向资本主义;认为社会主义商品的活动范围不只局限于个人消费品,全民所有制与集体所有制之间、集体所有制企业之间相互转让的生产资料也是商品;主张研究和重视价值规律在生产生活中的作用,同时要处理好计划的调控作用和价值规律的市场调节功能之间的关系。此外,毛泽东在社会主义革命和建设时期的战略制定、方针确立上也坚持劳动价值论的立场观点方法,提出“统筹兼顾、适当安排”等经济建设方针,达成了提高社会生产力和人民生活水平的目的。毛泽东对劳动价值论的理论探索和战略应用作为毛泽东经济思想的重要组成部分,不仅是马克思主义经济学说史上的重大理论创新,也为中国经济建设提供了重要的指导意义。

Mao Zedong innovatively constructed the socialist theory of commodity production by reading and critiquing the writings of socialist political economy,achieving an original contribution to the classical Marxist theory of labour value.Mao emphasised that commodity production exists and must take place in socialist society,and that the role of commodity production in the construction of the socialist economy cannot be ignored;pointed out that socialist commodity production is linked to the socialist system and will not lead the regime to capitalism;and argued that the scope of activity of socialist commodities is not confined to individual consumer goods,and that the means of production transferred between universal and collective ownership,and between collectively owned enterprises The means of production transferred between the national and collective ownership systems and between collectively owned enterprises are also commodities;he advocates studying and attaching importance to the role of the law of value in production and life,while at the same time dealing with the relationship between the regulatory role of planning and the market-regulating function of the law of value.In addition,Mao Zedong also adhered to the position and methodology of the labour theory of value in the formulation of strategies and the establishment of policies during the period of socialist revolution and construction,and put forward the economic construction policy of‘taking into account all factors and making appropriate arrangements’,which achieved the goal of raising the social productive forces and the living standards of the people.In conclusion,Mao Zedong's theoretical exploration and strategic application of the labour theory of value,as an important part of Mao Zedong's economic thought,is not only a major theoretical innovation in the history of Marxist economic doctrine,but also provides an important guidance for China's economic construction.